Sick and Tired: The Literal and Figurative Meanings of Lassitude
Lassitude and weariness make an interesting pair. As with many nearly synonymous pairs of words in English, one is derived from Latin and the other from Old English. Even though they both mean “the condition of being tired,” they are used in different ways. Following a common pattern, the Latinate word tends to be used in technical, medical, and formal writing, and the Old English-derived word is used when referring to physical, emotional, and spiritual qualities.
Lassitude comes from the Latin word lassus, meaning “weary.” Our English spelling comes from the French word that developed directly from Latin, borrowed in the 15th century. In French, the word las (masculine) or lasse (feminine) means “weary” or “tired,” and the idiom être las de means “to be sick and tired of.” This led to another English word with the same root: alas, a word that expresses sadness or disappointment, but conveys some measure of fatigue and resignation as well.
Though it sometimes is just a fancy word for fatigue in medical contexts, lassitude is also used in ways that are metaphorical and closer in meaning to “negligence”:
Congress was being choked by pettiness and lassitude.
tire implies a draining of one's strength or patience.
the long ride tired us out
weary stresses tiring until one is unable to endure more of the same thing.
wearied of the constant arguing
fatigue suggests great lassitude from excessive strain or undue effort.
fatigued by the day's chores
exhaust implies complete draining of strength by hard exertion.
shoveling snow exhausted him
jade suggests the loss of all freshness and eagerness.
appetites jaded by overindulgence
Example Sentences
AdjectiveI would remember the potential for return, all things circling as they do, into something like fullness, small moments of completion that weave together, like Penelope's cloth, doing and undoing themselves by turns, an unfinished pattern that guides a weary traveler home … Paul Sorrell, Parabola, May 2000But for the wilted weeds that managed to jut forth in wiry clumps where the mortar was cracked and washed away, the viaduct wall was barren of everything except the affirmation of a weary industrial city's prolonged and triumphant struggle to monumentalize its ugliness. Philip Roth, American Pastoral, 1997Every day for a week Ellsworth showed up to see Clarence and every day Miss Eunice and Mr. George Edward would exchange weary glances and shrugs … Randall Kenan, Let the Dead Bury Their Dead, 1992 I need to rest my weary eyes. The miners were weary after a long shift. She was weary from years of housework. VerbWhat wearies me about Dickens, however, is his excessive use of words. Will Manley, Booklist, 1 Nov. 2006I doubted what Indonesia now had to offer and wearied of being new all over again. Barack Obama, Dreams from My Father, (1995) 2004Does it weary me to find some women of the next generation reinventing the wheel when it comes to planning their lives and dreaming of their romantic futures? Margo Jefferson, New York Times Book Review, 15 Apr. 2001 The work wearies me sometimes. these constant complaints are really wearying me See More
Recent Examples on the Web
Adjective
Part of the spiraling situation resulted from the fact that some allies, such as Germany, had grown weary of the decades-long conflict. Peter Aitken, Fox News, 29 Aug. 2022 Vacationers have grown weary of a summer spent waiting hours to speak with live airline customer representatives, battling hotels for refunds, or rebooking cruises with each new COVID-19 variant. Christopher Muther, BostonGlobe.com, 24 Aug. 2022 In recent years, Taiwanese citizens have grown more weary of Beijing, according to polling. Grady Mcgregor, Fortune, 2 Aug. 2022 Even before the Zanzibar revolution, Gurnah intimates in his most recent novel, Afterlives, that his people had grown weary and compliant with the forces of history. Nadifa Mohamed, Harper’s Magazine , 22 June 2022 The sleek and modern trains were a source of optimism for riders who have grown weary of double-digit wait times amid the suspension of the series, which makes up 60 percent of Metro’s fleet. Justin George, Washington Post, 16 June 2022 The initial concept was to focus on climate change—slow, unrelenting, difficult to depict—but Pellegrin had grown weary of the idea. Ben Taub, The New Yorker, 16 May 2022 The country has grown weary of endless bloodshed, of the gangs that terrorize them, of the lawlessness that has inspired so many to travel more than 1,000 miles to the American border.New York Times, 28 Apr. 2022 And Moss, as the common element in the timelines, provides a uniting sense of personality in all Kirby’s different lives, playing her as an individual who has grown weary of being misled and confused. Daniel D'addario, Variety, 26 Apr. 2022
Verb
Yet the movie’s rare skirmishes feel authentically battle-wearied and handicapped by conscience. Jeannette Catsoulis, New York Times, 23 Apr. 2020 How would 6% be for a start Several pages of this is charming; forty years’ worth would have been wearying. Sheila Heti, The New Yorker, 30 Mar. 2020 Unique pressures If the occasional flight is wearying, imagine the exhaustion of doing it for a living. Natasha Frost, Quartz, 27 Feb. 2020 Freedom from responsibility, after all, is the fantasy of a world-wearied adult, not of a teenager, who longs for nothing more than to be trusted to make decisions for herself. Ruth Franklin, The New York Review of Books, 25 Feb. 2020 While an understandable choice, the approach becomes wearying: A few more notes of sincerity would have better served the play. Celia Wren, Washington Post, 11 Nov. 2019 Following that important thread through the next two hours was wearying, particularly once it was subsumed under questions about bathrooms. Melissa Gira Grant, The New Republic, 13 Jan. 2020 Others face eviction threats from landlords who have wearied of the police showing up. Anne Deprince, The Conversation, 1 Nov. 2019 Chekhov, whose plays hardly seem to coerce life at all, boldly broke ranks with this wearying regimentation.The New York Review of Books, 23 May 2019 See More
Word History
Etymology
Adjective and Verb
Middle English wery, from Old English wērig; akin to Old High German wuorag intoxicated and perhaps to Greek aōros sleep
First Known Use
Adjective
before the 12th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1