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TOEFL BNC: 4409 COCA: 4904

spine

spine /ˈspaɪn/ noun
plural spines
spine
/ˈspaɪn/
noun
plural spines
Learner's definition of SPINE
[count] : the row of connected bones down the middle of the back : backbone脊柱;脊椎
see picture at human
[count] : a sharp, pointed part on an animal or plant(动植物的)刺,刺毛
[noncount] informal : courage or strength of character骨气;勇气
[count] : the part of a book to which the pages are attached书脊
◊ A book's spine often has the title and author's name printed on it.书脊上通常印着书名和作者姓名。

up/down your spine

◊ If something sends a chill/shiver up/down your spine or if a chill/shiver runs up/down your spine, you become frightened, thrilled, etc.令人毛骨悚然的;激动人心的
TOEFL BNC: 4409 COCA: 4904

spine

noun

1
b
: something resembling a spinal column or constituting a central axis or chief support
c
: the part of a book to which the pages are attached and on the cover of which usually appear the title and author's and publisher's names
2
: a stiff pointed plant process
especially : one that is a modified leaf or leaf part compare prickle sense 1, thorn sense 1a
3
: a sharp rigid process on an animal: such as
a
b
: a stiff unsegmented fin ray of a fish
c
: a pointed prominence on a bone
spined adjective
spinelike adjective

Example Sentences

This X-ray shows her spine. Hedgehogs are covered with spines. They lack the spine to do what needs to be done.
Recent Examples on the Web Today, the Bay Area’s regional rail spine has recuperated about 38% of its pre-COVID ridership, trailing every other large U.S. rail system in recovery. Ricardo Cano, San Francisco Chronicle, 8 Sep. 2022 Rounding out the show’s eminently capable cast are Jamie Michie and Jade Harrison as the police assigned to the Delaney murder case, with Michie playing the gruff teddy bear to Harrison’s spine of steel. Caroline Framke, Variety, 7 Sep. 2022 Why: This exercise opens the chest and shoulders while twisting through the thoracic spine, or upper back. Jen Murphy, WSJ, 3 Sep. 2022 The brand is known for its ultra-soft foam near your shoulders and firmer foam that targets your spine and hips to help keep them properly aligned. Andrea Navarro, Glamour, 2 Sep. 2022 Visually, the hinges pop a bit less than last year's model, which included contrasting colors across the entire spine and hinges. Scharon Harding, Ars Technica, 27 Aug. 2022 Theodore is an expert in brain and spinal cord injury, minimally invasive spine surgeries and robotics. Meredith Cohn, Baltimore Sun, 23 Aug. 2022 Firms like Kotak Mahindra Bank and PhonePe form the network’s financial spine. Mimansa Verma, Quartz, 23 Aug. 2022 These can include lower back, spine, knee, and shoulder injuries from repetitive activities. Kat Friedrich, Popular Mechanics, 11 Aug. 2022 See More

Word History

Etymology

Middle English, thorn, spinal column, from Latin spina; perhaps akin to Latin spica ear of grain

First Known Use

15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a

Time Traveler
The first known use of spine was in the 15th century
TOEFL BNC: 4409 COCA: 4904
spine

noun¹

1backbone脊骨ADJECTIVE | VERB + SPINE | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVEfractured脊椎骨折cervical, lumbar頸椎;腰椎VERB + SPINEbend, curve彎下脊背straighten挺直脊背break, damage折斷/損傷脊背slide down, slide up (both figurative) 順着脊背躥下/躥上An icy chill slid up my spine.我覺得一股寒氣順着脊背躥上來。form (figurative) 構成主幹These speeches form the spine of his election campaign.這些演講構成了他競選活動的主幹。stiffen (figurative) 使強硬Their protests stiffened the spines of party activists.他們的抗議堅定了該黨積極分子的信念。grow (NAmE, figurative) 長志氣The legislature must grow a spine and demand this.立法機構必須而且需要長志氣。PREPOSITIONin the/your spine在脊椎中the nerves in the spine脊椎神經PHRASESthe base of the spine尾椎部the length of sb's spine脊椎長度curvature of the spine脊椎彎曲send shivers down sb's spine使人毛骨悚然
spine

noun²

2sharp point on some plants/animals動植物的尖刺ADJECTIVE | VERB + SPINE ADJECTIVEsharp利刺Hedgehogs are covered with sharp spines.刺猬身上長滿利刺。fine細刺poisonous, venomous毒刺VERB + SPINEbear, have帶刺;有刺

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