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stubborn

adjective

stub·​born ˈstə-bərn How to pronounce stubborn (audio)
1
a(1)
: unreasonably or perversely unyielding : mulish
(2)
: justifiably unyielding : resolute
b
: suggestive or typical of a strong stubborn nature
a stubborn jaw
2
: performed or carried on in an unyielding, obstinate, or persistent manner
stubborn effort
3
: difficult to handle, manage, or treat
a stubborn cold
4
: lasting
stubborn facts
stubbornly adverb
stubbornness
ˈstə-bər(n)-nəs How to pronounce stubborn (audio)
noun

Did you know?

Stubborn as a Mule (Or Some Other Animal)

Most of us are familiar with the expression stubborn as a mule, which some feel is unfair to this hybrid animal. In fairness to the mule, let us look at some of the other animals that the English language has seen fit to equate with stubbornness over the years. John Wolcot wrote of being “as stubborn as a halter’d ram.” In the 19th century satirical work The Family of the Seisers, a character is described as being “as stubborn as a dog-fish.” And a character in Maria Edgeworth’s play Love and Law describes her own hair as “stubborn as a Presbyterian.” These curious phrases are, however, exceptional: the mule is by far the most commonly referenced animal when describing stubbornness. We have been using as stubborn as a mule since at least 1771, when the expression appears in Tobias Smollett’s The Expedition of Humphry Clinker.

Synonyms

Choose the Right Synonym for stubborn

obstinate, dogged, stubborn, pertinacious, mulish mean fixed and unyielding in course or purpose.

obstinate implies usually an unreasonable persistence.

an obstinate proponent of conspiracy theories

dogged suggests an admirable often tenacious and unwavering persistence.

pursued the story with dogged perseverance

stubborn implies sturdiness in resisting change which may or may not be admirable.

a person too stubborn to admit error

pertinacious suggests an annoying or irksome persistence.

a pertinacious salesclerk refusing to take no for an answer

mulish implies a thoroughly unreasonable obstinacy.

a mulish determination to have his own way

Example Sentences

Louise was not the first to posit the idea of a miniature horse ancestral to the Arab; but she was the only one stubborn enough to prove it. Jason Elliot, Mirrors of the Unseen, 2006 To remove stubborn price tags from items like dishes and glassware, I use a cotton pad or Q-tip soaked with rubbing alcohol. The alcohol dissolves the sticky glue and doesn't mess up my manicure. Kathe Palmucci, Real Simple, April 2003 In the search for strategies to deal with the stubborn and deadly problem of driving under the influence, many cops are turning to an unusual tactic: Recruiting volunteer drinkers and drug users to teach officers to recognize impaired drivers. Russell Gold, Wall Street Journal, 29 Oct. 2002 She's wrong, but she's too stubborn to admit it. I admire his stubborn refusal to quit. trying to treat a stubborn infection See More
Recent Examples on the Web What’s amazing is how stubborn the brain is in its fallibility. Matthew Hutson, WSJ, 7 Aug. 2022 The husband has been having an affair for 20 years and is sometimes needlessly stubborn. Washington Post, 5 May 2022 As rural areas continue to struggle with hospitalizations, scientists and officials have long hoped full government approval of a COVID-19 vaccine would help allay stubborn concerns. Los Angeles Times, 11 Sep. 2021 Polish auteur’s Jerzy Skolimowski’s latest film, EO, which follows the adventures of a mule who is stubborn and wise and free-spirited, has been chosen by Poland as its contender for best international feature at the 2023 Academy Awards. Etan Vlessing, The Hollywood Reporter, 30 Aug. 2022 Kyle Schwarber will catch a groove and muscle his way to the finals, but the stubborn and powerful Alonso will prove too formidable to dislodge. USA TODAY, 18 July 2022 Eager to extinguish the stubborn and smoky Marsh Fire burning in Pittsburg and Bay Point for 6½ weeks, firefighters are considering flooding the wetlands area where the blaze continues to burn in decayed vegetation. Michael Cabanatuan, San Francisco Chronicle, 13 July 2022 Leia at 10 years old is fearless, stubborn and wise beyond her years. Tracy Brownstaff Writer, Los Angeles Times, 22 June 2022 The giant trevally, a stubborn and powerful apex predator, is one of Hawai‘i’s most coveted game fish. Abe Musselman, Smithsonian Magazine, 1 June 2022 See More

Word History

Etymology

Middle English stibourne, stuborn

First Known Use

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a(1)

Time Traveler
The first known use of stubborn was in the 14th century

Phrases Containing stubborn

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