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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2749 COCA: 3659

strain

1 strain /ˈstreɪn/ noun
plural strains
1 strain
/ˈstreɪn/
noun
plural strains
Learner's definition of STRAIN
: a feeling of stress and worry that you have because you are trying to do too much, are dealing with a difficult problem, etc.焦虑;紧张;压力
[count]
[noncount]
: something that is very difficult to deal with and that causes harm or trouble棘手的问题;重负;紧张
[count]
[noncount]
: a force that pulls or stretches something : stress拉力;张力
[count]
usually singular通常用单数
[noncount]
: an injury to a body part or muscle that is caused by too much tension, effort, or use拉伤;损伤;扭伤
[count]
[noncount]
compare 3strain
2 strain /ˈstreɪn/ verb
strains; strained; straining
2 strain
/ˈstreɪn/
verb
strains; strained; straining
Learner's definition of STRAIN
[+ object] : to injure (a body part or muscle) by too much tension, use, or effort拉伤;损伤;扭伤
compare sprain
: to try very hard to do or get something尽力;竭力;使劲
[no object]
often + for
often followed by to + verb常接动词不定式
[+ object]
: to be pulled or stretched in a forceful way用力拉;绷紧
[no object]
[+ object]
sometimes used figuratively有时用作比喻
[no object] : to pull hard on or push hard against something使劲拉;用力推+ at or against
sometimes used figuratively有时用作比喻
[+ object] : to cause problems or trouble for (something)造成困难;引起麻烦
[+ object] : to separate a liquid from solid pieces by using a special device (called a strainer)过滤

strain yourself

: to injure yourself by making your muscles do too much work拉伤肌肉
: to put a lot of physical or mental effort into doing something尽力;竭力;使劲
3 strain /ˈstreɪn/ noun
plural strains
3 strain
/ˈstreɪn/
noun
plural strains
Learner's definition of STRAIN
[count] : a group of closely related plants or animals : variety(动植物的)系,品种,类型often + of
[count] literary + somewhat old-fashioned : a usually bad quality that someone or something has(通常为不良的)性格倾向,气质,性情usually singular通常用单数usually + of
[singular] formal + literary : a small amount of something一丝;少许
[count] : a kind or sort of something类型usually + of
strains [plural] formal : the musical sounds of someone or something曲调;旋律
compare 1strain
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2749 COCA: 3659

strain

1 of 3

noun (1)

1
b
: a group of presumed common ancestry with clear-cut physiological but usually not morphological distinctions
a high-yielding strain of winter wheat
broadly : a specified infraspecific group (such as a stock, line, or ecotype)
c
: kind, sort
discussions of a lofty strain
2
a
: inherited or inherent character, quality, or disposition
a strain of weakness in the family
b
: trace, streak
a strain of fanaticism
3
a
: tune, air
b
: a passage of verbal or musical expression
c
: a stream or outburst of forceful or impassioned speech
4
a
: the tenor, pervading note, burden, or tone of an utterance or of a course of action or conduct
b

strain

2 of 3

verb

strained; straining; strains

transitive verb

1
a
: to draw tight : cause to fit firmly
strain the bandage over the wound
b
: to stretch to maximum extension and tautness
strain a canvas over a frame
2
a
: to exert (oneself, one's senses, etc.) to the utmost
b
: to injure by overuse, misuse, or excessive pressure
strained his back
c
: to cause a change of form or size in (a body) by application of external force
3
: to squeeze or clasp tightly: such as
a
: hug
b
: to compress painfully : constrict
4
a
: to cause to pass through a strainer : filter
b
: to remove by straining
strain lumps out of the gravy
5
: to stretch beyond a proper limit
that story strains my credulity
6
obsolete : to squeeze out : extort

intransitive verb

1
a
: to make violent efforts : strive
has to strain to reach the high notes
b
: to pull against resistance
a dog straining at its leash
c
: to contract the muscles forcefully in attempting to defecate
often used in the phrase strain at stool
2
: to pass through or as if through a strainer
the liquid strains readily
3
: to make great difficulty or resistance : balk

strain

3 of 3

noun (2)

1
: an act of straining or the condition of being strained: such as
a
: bodily injury from excessive tension, effort, or use
heart strain
especially : one resulting from a wrench or twist and involving undue stretching of muscles or ligaments
back strain
b
: excessive or difficult exertion or labor
c
: excessive physical or mental tension
also : a force, influence, or factor causing such tension
a strain on the marriage
d
: deformation of a material body under the action of applied forces
2
: an unusual reach, degree, or intensity : pitch
3
archaic : a strained interpretation of something said or written
Phrases
strain a point
: to go beyond a usual, accepted, or proper limit or rule

Example Sentences

Verb I strained my back trying to lift the couch. Too much computer work strains the eyes. He strained a muscle in his leg. His muscles strained under the heavy weight.

Word History

Etymology

Noun (1)

Middle English streen progeny, lineage, from Old English strēon gain, acquisition; akin to Old High German gistriuni gain, Latin struere to heap up — more at strew

Verb

Middle English, from Anglo-French estreindre, from Latin stringere to bind or draw tight, press together; akin to Greek strang-, stranx drop squeezed out, strangalē halter

First Known Use

Noun (1)

13th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a

Verb

14th century, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 1a

Noun (2)

1558, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of strain was in the 13th century
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2749 COCA: 3659
strain

noun¹

1severe demand on strength, resources, etc.緊張;壓力ADJECTIVE | VERB + STRAIN | STRAIN + VERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVEconsiderable, enormous, great, heavy, real, severe, terrible, tremendous相當大的壓力;沉重的壓力;可怕的壓力It's a real strain having to get up so early!這麼早起牀真夠受的!slight微小的壓力increasing不斷增大的壓力constant持續的壓力excessive, intolerable, unbearable, undue過大的壓力;難以忍受的壓力emotional, financial, mental, nervous, physical, psychological情感/經濟/思想/精神/身體/心理壓力The mental strain of sharing an office with Alison was starting to show.與艾利森共用一間辦公室帶來的精神壓力逐漸開始顯現。VERB + STRAINbe under, come under, feel, suffer, suffer from處在壓力下;感到累;遭受壓力Television newsreaders come under enormous strain.電視新聞播報員處於極大的壓力之下。After weeks of overtime, she was starting to feel the strain.加班幾個星期以後,她開始感覺到了疲勞。cause, create, impose, place, put引起壓力;造成壓力;強加壓力;施加壓力Increasing demand is placing undue strain on services.需求不斷增加對服務造成過大的壓力。ease, reduce舒緩/減輕壓力cope with, stand, take應付/忍受/承受壓力increase增加壓力STRAIN + VERBshow, take its toll (on sb), tell (on sb) (BrE) 壓力顯現;壓力(對某人)造成傷害;壓力(對某人)產生影響After weeks of uncertainty, the strain was beginning to take its toll.幾個星期的忐忑不安之後,壓力開始讓人受不了了。PREPOSITIONunder the strain在壓力下The ice gave way under the strain.冰在壓力作用下坍塌了。He broke down under the strain of having to work twelve hours a day.他在一天工作 12 個小時的壓力下崩潰了。strain on對⋯的壓力Losing the business put a strain on their relationship.生意丟了,他們的關係變得緊張起來。PHRASESa bit of a strain一點兒緊張I found it a bit of a strain making conversation with her.和她談話我感到有點兒緊張。signs of strain緊張的跡象After three years, their marriage was beginning to show signs of strain.3 年後,他們的婚姻開始出現緊張跡象。stresses and strains壓力和緊張the stresses and strains of a long day漫長的一天的壓力和緊張take the strain off sb, take the strain out of sth減輕⋯的壓力The Internet takes the strain out of shopping.因特網減輕了購物的壓力。
strain

noun²

2injury傷害ADJECTIVE | VERB + STRAIN ADJECTIVEbad嚴重的拉傷slight輕微的勞損back, eye, muscle, thigh, etc.背部勞損、眼疲勞、肌肉拉傷、大腿拉傷等VERB + STRAINbe suffering from, have受傷;勞損get受累You'll get eye strain if you don't put the light on.不開燈,你的眼睛會疲勞。recover from, shake off (BrE) 從拉傷中恢復過來;擺脫拉傷的痛苦Gerrard will play if he can shake off a slight thigh strain.如果大腿的輕微拉傷能恢復,傑拉德將會上場。
strain

noun³

3type of virus or bacteria病毒種類;細菌種類ADJECTIVE | VERB + STRAIN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVEnew新菌株mutant突變菌株virulent毒性菌株antibiotic-resistant, drug-resistant, resistant耐抗生素/耐藥性/抗藥性菌株bacterial, viral細菌/病毒菌株flu, influenza流感菌株VERB + STRAINdiscover, identify發現/找到菌株analyse/analyze, examine, test分析/檢驗/測試菌株PREPOSITIONstrain of⋯的菌株H5N1 is a strain of avian influenza.H5N1 是一種禽流感病毒。
strain

verb¹

1make a great effort to do sth努力ADVERB | VERB + STRAIN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADVERBhard非常努力You could see he was straining hard to understand.可以看得出,他正竭力想弄明白。forward努力向前I strained forward to get a better view.我使勁向前,想看得更清楚些。VERB + STRAINhave to不得不盡力PREPOSITIONagainst對⋯用力The dogs were straining against the sled.那些狗在用力拉雪橇。at用力拉Several men were straining at a rope, trying to move the stalled vehicle.好幾個人正在用力拉一根繩子,試圖拖動拋了錨的車子。for使勁⋯Their ears strained for any slight sound.他們都在側耳傾聽任何一點兒細微的聲音。under (often figurative) 努力承受⋯The company is already straining under the weight of a $12 billion debt.這家公司已經承受着 120 億美元的高額債務了。PHRASESstrain to hear sth, strain to see sth努力聽⋯;努力看⋯We had to strain to hear what was being said.我們得費很大勁兒才能聽清在說什麼。
strain

verb²

2put a lot of pressure on sth施加壓力ADVERB | PHRASES ADVERBseriously, severely使極其緊張The dispute severely strained relations between the two countries.這場爭端使兩國關係極其緊張。PHRASESstrain sth to breaking point, strain sth to the breaking point (NAmE) 使⋯緊張到極點Our public health laboratories are strained to (the) breaking point.我們的公共衞生實驗室承受着極大的壓力。strain sth to its limits, strain sth to the limit使⋯承受極限壓力

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