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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 6006 COCA: 4151

rack

1 of 9

noun (1)

1
: a framework, stand, or grating on or in which articles are placed
2
: an instrument of torture on which a body is stretched
3
a(1)
: a cause of anguish or pain
(2)
: acute suffering
b
: the action of straining or wrenching
4
a
: a bar with teeth on one face for gearing with a pinion or worm gear to transform rotary motion to linear motion or vice versa (as in an automobile steering mechanism)
b
: a notched bar used as a ratchet to engage with a pawl, click, or detent
5
: a pair of antlers
6
: bed, sack
7
: a triangular frame used to set up the balls in a pool game
also : the balls as set up
8
: a framework for holding fodder for livestock
rackful noun

rack

2 of 9

verb (1)

racked; racking; racks

transitive verb

1
: to cause to suffer torture, pain, anguish, or ruin
2
: to place (balls, such as pool balls) in a rack
3
a
: to stretch or strain violently
b
: to raise (rents) oppressively
c
: to harass or oppress with high rents or extortions
4
: to torture on the rack
5
: to work or treat (material) on a rack
6
: to work by a rack and pinion or worm so as to extend or contract
rack a camera
7
: to seize (ropes, such as parallel ropes of a tackle) together

intransitive verb

: to become forced out of shape or out of plumb
racker noun
rackingly adverb

rack

3 of 9

noun (2)

1
: the rib section of a lamb's forequarters used for chops or as a roast see lamb illustration
2
: the neck and spine of a forequarter of veal, pork, or especially mutton

rack

4 of 9

noun (3)

: destruction
rack and ruin

rack

5 of 9

noun (4)

: either of two gaits of a horse:
b
: a fast showy 4-beat gait similar to the pace but in which the feet of the same side do not touch down at the same time

rack

6 of 9

verb (2)

racked; racking; racks

intransitive verb

of a horse
: to go at a rack

rack

7 of 9

noun (5)

: a wind-driven mass of high often broken clouds

rack

8 of 9

verb (3)

racked; racking; racks

intransitive verb

: to fly or scud in high wind

rack

9 of 9

verb (4)

racked; racking; racks

transitive verb

: to draw off (wine) from the lees
Phrases
on the rack
: under great emotional stress
Choose the Right Synonym for rack

afflict, try, torment, torture, rack mean to inflict on a person something that is hard to bear.

afflict is a general term and applies to the causing of pain or suffering or of acute annoyance, embarrassment, or any distress.

ills that afflict the elderly

try suggests imposing something that strains the powers of endurance or of self-control.

children often try their parents' patience

torment suggests persecution or the repeated inflicting of suffering or annoyance.

a horse tormented by flies

torture adds the implication of causing unbearable pain or suffering.

tortured by a sense of guilt

rack stresses straining or wrenching.

a body racked by pain

Word History

Etymology

Noun (1)

Middle English, probably from Middle Dutch rec framework; akin to Old English reccan to stretch, Greek oregein — more at right

Noun (2)

perhaps from rack entry 1

Noun (3)

alteration of wrack

Verb (2)

probably alteration of rock entry 1

Noun (5)

Middle English rak rain cloud, rapid movement

Verb (4)

Middle English rakken, from Old French (Norman & Picard dialect) reequier, probably from Late Latin reaedificare to rebuild, repair, improve, from Latin re- + aedificare to build — more at edify

First Known Use

Noun (1)

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 8

Verb (1)

15th century, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 4

Noun (2)

1570, in the meaning defined at sense 2

Noun (3)

1592, in the meaning defined above

Noun (4)

1580, in the meaning defined above

Verb (2)

1530, in the meaning defined above

Noun (5)

14th century, in the meaning defined above

Verb (3)

1590, in the meaning defined above

Verb (4)

15th century, in the meaning defined above

Time Traveler
The first known use of rack was in the 14th century

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