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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1170 COCA: 1745

file

1 file /ˈfajəl/ noun
plural files
1 file
/ˈfajəl/
noun
plural files
Learner's definition of FILE
[count]
: a device (such as a box, folder, or cabinet) in which documents that you want to keep are stored so that they can be found easily文件夹;文件柜
: a collection of documents that have information you want to keep and that are stored so that they can be found easily档案;卷宗
◊ Something that is on file is stored in a file.存档;归档
: a collection of computer data that forms a single unit and that is given a particular name(计算机)文件,文档
compare 3file, 5file
2 file /ˈfajəl/ verb
files; filed; filing
2 file
/ˈfajəl/
verb
files; filed; filing
Learner's definition of FILE
[+ object] : to put (a document) in a place where it can be found easily : to place (something) in a file(把文件等)存档,归档
often + away
: to give (something, such as an official form or a legal document) to someone in authority so that it can be considered, dealt with, approved, etc.提出(申请);提起(诉讼);提交(文件)
[+ object]
[no object]
+ for
[+ object] : to send (a story or report) to a newspaper发送(消息或报道)给报社
compare 4file, 6file

— filer

/ˈfaɪlɚ/ noun, plural filers [count]
3 file /ˈfajəl/ noun
plural files
3 file
/ˈfajəl/
noun
plural files
Learner's definition of FILE
[count]
: a metal tool that has sharp ridges and that is used to make rough surfaces smooth锉刀 see picture at carpentry; see also nail file
compare 1file, 5file
4 file /ˈfajəl/ verb
files; filed; filing
4 file
/ˈfajəl/
verb
files; filed; filing
Learner's definition of FILE
[+ object]
: to make something smooth by using a file锉;锉平;锉光
compare 2file, 6file
5 file /ˈfajəl/ noun
plural files
5 file
/ˈfajəl/
noun
plural files
Learner's definition of FILE
: a row of people, animals, or things that form a line排成行的人(动物、东西等)
[count]
[noncount]
compare 1rank; see also rank and file, single file
compare 1file, 3file
6 file /ˈfajəl/ verb
files; filed; filing
6 file
/ˈfajəl/
verb
files; filed; filing
Learner's definition of FILE
[no object]
: to walk in a line列队行走
compare 2file, 4file
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1170 COCA: 1745

file

1 of 8

noun (1)

1
: a tool usually of hardened steel with cutting ridges for forming or smoothing surfaces especially of metal
2
: a shrewd or crafty person

file

2 of 8

verb (1)

filed; filing

transitive verb

: to rub, smooth, or cut away with or as if with a file
She filed her nails.

file

3 of 8

verb (2)

filed; filing

transitive verb

chiefly dialectal

file

4 of 8

verb (3)

filed; filing

transitive verb

1
: to arrange in order for preservation and reference
file letters
2
a
: to place among official records as prescribed by law
file a mortgage
b
: to send (copy) to a newspaper
filed a story
c
: to return to the office of the clerk of a court without action on the merits
3
: to initiate (something, such as a legal action) through proper formal procedure
threatened to file charges

intransitive verb

1
: to register as a candidate especially in a primary election
2
: to place items in a file
3
: to submit documents necessary to initiate a legal proceeding
file for bankruptcy
filer noun

file

5 of 8

noun (2)

1
: a device (such as a folder, case, or cabinet) by means of which papers are kept in order
2
a
archaic : roll, list
b
: a collection of papers or publications usually arranged or classified
c(1)
: a collection of related data records (as for a computer)
(2)
: a complete collection of data (such as text or a program) treated by a computer as a unit especially for purposes of input and output

file

6 of 8

noun (3)

1
2
: any of the rows of squares that extend across a chessboard from one player's side to the other player's side

file

7 of 8

verb (4)

filed; filing

intransitive verb

: to march or proceed in single file

filé

8 of 8

noun (4)

fi·​lé fə-ˈlā How to pronounce filé (audio)
(ˌ)fē-ˈlā,
ˈfē-(ˌ)lā
variants or less commonly file
: powdered young leaves of sassafras used to thicken soups or stews
Phrases
on file
: in or as if in a file for ready reference

Synonyms

Word History

Etymology

Noun (1) and Verb (1)

Middle English, from Old English fēol; akin to Old High German fīla file

Verb (2)

Middle English, from Old English fȳlan, from fūl foul

Verb (3) and Noun (2)

Middle English, from Medieval Latin filare to string documents on a string or wire, from filum file of documents, literally, thread, from Latin; akin to Armenian ǰil sinew

Noun (3) and Verb (4)

Middle French, from filer to spin, draw out, from Late Latin filare, from Latin filum

Noun (4)

Louisiana French, from French, past participle of filer to twist, spin

First Known Use

Noun (1)

before the 12th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Verb (1)

13th century, in the meaning defined above

Verb (2)

before the 12th century, in the meaning defined above

Verb (3)

15th century, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 1

Noun (2)

1525, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Noun (3)

1598, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Verb (4)

1614, in the meaning defined above

Noun (4)

1806, in the meaning defined above

Time Traveler
The first known use of file was before the 12th century
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1170 COCA: 1745
file

noun¹

1collection of papers一批文件ADJECTIVE | ... OF FILES | VERB + FILE | FILE + VERB | FILE + NOUN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVEbulging, bulky, thick鼓鼓的/大量的/厚厚的卷宗box, card, lever-arch, Manila, paper盒式卷宗;卡片目錄;快勞夾;牛皮紙文件夾;紙質文件夾six box files bulging with notes6 個裝滿筆記鼓鼓囊囊的盒式卷宗official官方檔案confidential, personal, secret機密/個人/秘密檔案detailed詳細的檔案case案件檔The work involves preparing case files and attending court.需要做的工作包括整理案件檔和出庭。information信息文件client, customer, personnel當事人/客戶/人事檔案court, newspaper, office, police, security法庭檔案;報紙檔案;辦公室文件;警方檔案;保密文件medical病歷... OF FILESbox, stack一盒/一堆文件A stack of files awaited me on my desk.桌子上有一堆文件等着我。VERB + FILEhave, keep, maintain存有/保管/保存檔案The company keeps secret files on all its employees.這家公司保存所有員工的機密資料。Personnel files are kept in secure storage.人事檔案存放在安全的地方。keep sth on將⋯存檔Your application will be kept on file (= kept for possible future use).你的申請會存檔(以備日後查看)。collate, compile, prepare整理檔案;搜集資料;準備文件He had compiled a file of largely circumstantial evidence.他已搜集了一些證據資料,大部份為間接證據。enter sth into (especially BrE) 把⋯記入檔案The details of the incident will be entered into the file.這一事件的詳情將會記入檔案。open建立檔案The police have opened a file on the case.警方已立案調查。close封存檔案;合上檔案The file on the murder was closed five years ago.這起謀殺案的檔案已於 5 年前封存。She closed the file and put it aside.她合上檔案放到一邊。reopen重開檔案Police have reopened the file on the missing girl.警方對失踪女孩已重新展開調查。review複查檔案update更新檔案It is important to update customer files.更新客戶檔案很重要。pull, pull out, remove, take out取出/抽取/移走/拿出檔案She went to the filing cabinet and took out a file.她走到檔案櫃那兒,拿出了一份檔案。check, examine, go through, look at, read, scan核查/檢查/查閱/查看/閱讀/審視檔案I'll check the files for any information on the case.我會查一下檔案,看有沒有和這個案件相關的信息。burn, destroy燒掉/毀壞檔案FILE + VERBcontain sth檔案中包含⋯FILE + NOUNcabinet, drawer (both NAmE) (filing cabinet in BrE) 檔案櫃;文件櫃folder檔案夾clerk (NAmE) 檔案員PREPOSITIONin a/the file在檔案裏the information contained in the police files警方檔案中的信息on file存檔All the details of the transaction are on file.交易的所有細節都有存檔。file on關於⋯的檔案The police already have a thick file on that family.警方已經掌握了有關那個家庭的厚厚一本資料。
file

noun²

2on a computer/disk計算機;磁盤ADJECTIVE | ... OF FILES | VERB + FILE | FILE + VERB | FILE + NOUN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVElarge很大的電子文檔computer, digital, electronic計算機/數字化/電子文件data, database, document, spreadsheet, text數據/數據庫/文檔/電子表格/文本文件executable, program可執行文件;程序文件system系統文件audio, music, sound聲音/音樂/音響電子文檔graphics, image圖像/形象電子文檔multimedia多媒體電子文檔video視頻電子文檔master主文件backup備份文件to make / take a backup file建立備份文件log日誌文件HTML, PDF, etc. * HTML 文件、PDF 文件等compressed, ZIP壓縮文件infected被病毒感染的電子文檔help幫助文件... OF FILESdirectory, list, set電子文檔目錄/列表/系列VERB + FILEcreate創建文件download, upload下載/上傳文件hold sth in, store sth in將⋯貯存在文件中the information held in this file貯存在該文件中的信息close, open關閉/打開文件save保存文件load載入文件install安裝文件access, read, view訪問文件;讀文件;看文件You need a special password to access this file.要輸入特定密碼才能打開這份文檔。back up, copy備份/複製文件edit, modify編輯/修改文件delete, erase刪除文件delete sth from從文件中刪除⋯Data has been deleted from this file.數據已從該文檔中刪除。name, rename命名/重新命名文件recover, retrieve恢復/檢索文件how to recover deleted files如何恢復已刪除的文件hold, store保存文件The files are stored in Mac format.這些文檔以 Mac (機器輔助識別)格式保存。compress壓縮文件send, transfer發送/傳送文件Files are transferred between workstations.文件在工作站之間傳送。export, import輸出/輸入文件share共享文件attach附加文件overwrite覆蓋文件encrypt給文件加密FILE + VERBcontain sth文件裏包含有⋯FILE + NOUNname文件名format, size文件格式/大小server文件服務器sharing文件共享system文件系統transfer文件傳送extension文件擴展名manager文件管理員PREPOSITIONin a/the file在文件中The names and addresses are all kept in computer files.所有的姓名和地址都保存在電腦文件中。 topic at computer
file

verb¹

1put sth in a file歸檔ADVERB | PREPOSITION ADVERBalphabetically按字母順序歸檔electronically進行電子歸檔mentally將⋯記在心裏She mentally filed the name away for later.她把這個名字記在心裏,以便以後用。away存檔These notes should be carefully filed away for future reference.這些記錄應認真歸檔,以便日後查閱。PREPOSITIONunder在⋯名下歸檔The card is filed alphabetically under the name of the editor.卡片按編輯者姓名的字母順序歸檔。
file

verb²

2record sth officially存檔ADVERB | PREPOSITION ADVERBformally, officially正式提出He has now formally filed a complaint against the police.他已經正式提出對警方的投訴。jointly共同提出PREPOSITIONfor申請to file for bankruptcy / divorce申請破產/離婚with送交⋯備案A copy of the notice must be filed with the court.必須將通知副本送交法院備案。
file

verb³

3walk in line列隊行走ADVERB | PREPOSITION ADVERBsilently默默列隊行走out, past魚貫而出;排隊通過The long line of mourners filed silently past.一長隊哀悼者默默地走過。PREPOSITIONin, into, out of, past, through魚貫而入;列隊進入;列隊走出;列隊經過;列隊穿過

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