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vulnerable

adjective

vul·​ner·​a·​ble ˈvəl-n(ə-)rə-bəl How to pronounce vulnerable (audio)
ˈvəl-nər-bəl
1
: capable of being physically or emotionally wounded
2
: open to attack or damage : assailable
vulnerable to criticism
3
: liable to increased penalties but entitled to increased bonuses after winning a game in contract bridge
vulnerability
ˌvəl-n(ə-)rə-ˈbi-lə-tē How to pronounce vulnerable (audio)
noun
vulnerableness
ˈvəl-n(ə-)rə-bəl-nəs How to pronounce vulnerable (audio)
ˈvəl-nər-bəl-
noun
vulnerably
ˈvəl-n(ə-)rə-blē How to pronounce vulnerable (audio)
ˈvəl-nər-blē
adverb

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The History of Vulnerable

Vulnerable is ultimately derived from the Latin noun vulnus ("wound"). Vulnus led to the Latin verb vulnerare, meaning "to wound," and then to the Late Latin adjective vulnerabilis, which became vulnerable in English in the early 1600s. Vulnerable originally meant "capable of being physically wounded" or "having the power to wound" (the latter is now obsolete), but since the late 1600s, it has also been used figuratively to suggest a defenselessness against non-physical attacks. In other words, someone (or something) can be vulnerable to criticism or failure as well as to literal wounding. When it is used figuratively, vulnerable is often followed by the preposition to.

Synonyms

Example Sentences

He was very vulnerable after his divorce. The troops were in a vulnerable position. The fort was undefended and vulnerable.
Recent Examples on the Web China managing positive growth in 2020 was the envy of the world then, but today other economies are less vulnerable to the virus. Paul Swartz, Fortune, 12 Sep. 2022 Produce, which can be harvested and sold within days, has always been vulnerable to weather. Jaewon Kang, WSJ, 11 Sep. 2022 As a result, residential and business consumers are vulnerable to the significant price spikes in natural gas immediately after the COVID-19 pandemic and since the Feb. 24 invasion of Ukraine by Russia. Stephen Singer, Hartford Courant, 8 Sep. 2022 When the eggs hatch, the larvae — which are grubs — feed on the core of the plant, leaving it vulnerable to rot from the inside out. Nan Sterman, San Diego Union-Tribune, 3 Sep. 2022 Jails are not equipped to provide specialty or ongoing care, leaving the people in them vulnerable to the spread of infectious diseases. Emily Davies, Washington Post, 29 Aug. 2022 From this, the idea of an interconnected, immutable world of collaboration grew, leaving those who bought into this ideology vulnerable to manipulation. Solo Ceesay, Rolling Stone, 16 Aug. 2022 The powerful pumps also reverse river flows, confusing migrating young salmon and leaving them vulnerable to large predators. George Skelton, Los Angeles Times, 15 Aug. 2022 But the steep slopes are prone to landslides, leaving the valleys vulnerable to flash flooding. Bryan Anselm/redux For Cnn, CNN, 9 Aug. 2022 See More

Word History

Etymology

Late Latin vulnerabilis, from Latin vulnerare to wound, from vulner-, vulnus wound; probably akin to Latin vellere to pluck, Greek oulē wound

First Known Use

circa 1616, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of vulnerable was circa 1616

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