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BNC: 21350 COCA: 31461

cropper

1 of 2

noun (1)

crop·​per ˈkrä-pər How to pronounce cropper (audio)
1
: one that crops
2
: one that raises crops
specifically : sharecropper

cropper

2 of 2

noun (2)

1
: a severe fall
2
: a sudden or violent failure or collapse

Word History

Etymology

Noun (1)

Middle English, "a person who reaps crops or trims trees," from croppen "to crop entry 2" + -er -er entry 2

Noun (2)

of uncertain origin

Note: The Oxford English Dictionary, first edition, suggests some relationship with the phrase neck and crop "completely, entirely," usually in reference to a fall or to expulsion from a place. Joseph Wright's English Dialect Dictionary records crop in the sense "neck, throat" from a few northern and western locations; presumably this is a sense of crop entry 1. In this event, neck and crop would be a joining of two synonyms. Whatever value these hints have, a full etymology is lacking.

First Known Use

Noun (1)

15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Noun (2)

1850, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of cropper was in the 15th century

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