Many people, including usage commentators, are insistent about keeping the adjectives "precipitate" and "precipitous" distinct. "Precipitate," they say, means "headlong" or "impetuous"; "precipitous" means only "steep." And, indeed, "precipitate" is used mostly in the "headlong" sense, whereas "precipitous" usually means "steep." But one shouldn't be too hasty about insisting on the distinction. The truth is that "precipitate" and "precipitous" have had a tendency to overlap for centuries. Lexicographer Samuel Johnson, in his dictionary of 1755, defined "precipitate" as "steeply falling," "headlong," and "hasty," while "precipitous" was "headlong; steep," and "hasty." Noah Webster's 1828 dictionary included much the same definitions. The words' etymologies overlap as well. Both ultimately come from Latin praeceps, which means "headlong."
precipitate stresses lack of due deliberation and implies prematureness of action.
the army's precipitate withdrawal
headlong stresses rashness and lack of forethought.
a headlong flight from arrest
abrupt stresses curtness and a lack of warning or ceremony.
an abrupt refusal
impetuous stresses extreme impatience or impulsiveness.
an impetuous lover proposing marriage
sudden stresses unexpectedness and sharpness or violence of action.
flew into a sudden rage
Example Sentences
VerbWhen Achilles is informed by his mother, the sea-goddess Thetis, that vanquishing Hector on the battlefield will precipitate his own demise, he unhesitatingly opts for the gusto. Mark Leyner, Time, 13 Nov. 2000The vast room darkens. The videotape … begins on two identical screens set high above the nave. The soaring lyrics of LeeAnn Rimes's "How Do I Live (Without You)" precipitate a collective tension and welling, repressed tearfulness. Jayne Anne Phillips, Harper's, November 1998 Her death precipitated a family crisis. The budget problem was precipitated by many unexpected costs. minerals that precipitate from seawater NounYet trained, and by nature inclined, to persevere through the stenches, messes, explosions and disasters of a laboratory, he fixed his gaze upon an unlikely precipitate: human resilience, a sort of radioactive trace element. Richard Eder, New York Times Book Review, 16 June 2002 the exodus from the cities was an unexpected precipitate of the automobile, which effectively shrank distances the chemist filtered out the precipitate from the solution AdjectiveThe precipitate decline in support for Aristide has probably less to do with Haiti's political crisis than with the continuous and unrelenting economic battering: the Haitian gourde, which a year ago was trading at 27 to the dollar, by late February was down to 55 to the dollar. Peter Dailey, New York Review of Books, 27 Mar. 2002Almost at once I began to remember why drive-ins went into such a precipitate decline. To begin with, it is not remotely comfortable to sit in a car to watch a movie. Bill Bryson, I'm a Stranger Here Myself, 1999Assuming that the offering goes ahead—and only a precipitate slide in the stock market will stop it—a big slice of Wall Street history will disappear. John Cassidy, New Yorker, 8 Mar. 1999 the army's precipitate withdrawal from the field of battle See More
Recent Examples on the Web
Verb
Much of the conversation makes for disturbing listening and includes racial slurs, offensive language and discussions about how to precipitate the collapse of American civilization and engineer their fantasies of a white ethnostate. Kim Hjelmgaard, USA TODAY, 15 Oct. 2020 Fear doesn’t precipitate empathy nor healing nor open a safe space for these kinds of conversations to evolve, or for real accountability and remorse to be offered to the people who were harmed. Spin Staff, SPIN, 1 Sep. 2022 Fear doesn’t precipitate empathy nor healing nor open a safe space for these kinds of conversations to evolve, or for real accountability and remorse to be offered to the people who were harmed. Ej Panaligan, Variety, 1 Sep. 2022 Some researchers hypothesize this could precipitate heart attacks in those already predisposed to having them due to clogged arteries.Outside Online, 11 June 2018 That is a long way from here and would certainly precipitate recession. Milton Ezrati, Forbes, 1 Aug. 2022 He was joined later by Rishi Sunak, the former chancellor of the Exchequer, whose resignation and letter calling for Mr. Johnson to quit on Wednesday helped precipitate his downfall.New York Times, 8 July 2022 He was joined later by Rishi Sunak, the former chancellor of the Exchequer, whose resignation and letter calling for Johnson to quit Wednesday helped precipitate his downfall. Stephen Castle, BostonGlobe.com, 8 July 2022 That suggested a greater sensitivity to cortisol: a small increase in the hormone's concentration would precipitate a disproportionate physiological reaction. Rachel Yehuda, Scientific American, 18 June 2022
Noun
If the alkalinity gets too high, a chemical precipitate forms which can be toxic to ocean plankton. Eric Niiler, WSJ, 6 Mar. 2022 Our allies are rightly upset, blaming the U.S. for a precipitate, unilateral withdrawal that missed the opportunity for any coordinated plan to preserve some of the gains made in the country. Angelina Jolie, Time, 20 Aug. 2021 Does the mere act of making banks and other companies reveal their carbon footprint precipitate progress on eliminating climate risk? Tim Mcdonnell, Quartz, 21 May 2021 Although, the dusty precipitate may be melting away with the morning sun, the snow may have left a lasting impression on our local record books. Jared Boyd, AL.com, 9 Dec. 2017
Adjective
Many writers, mostly men, continue to rely on rape as a nuclear option for female characters, a tool with which to impassion viewers, precipitate drama, and stir up controversy. Sophie Gilbert, The Atlantic, 4 May 2021 This is all to the good, and better than a precipitate total withdrawal. The Editors, National Review, 22 Aug. 2017 See More
Word History
Etymology
Verb and Adjective
Latin praecipitatus, past participle of praecipitare, from praecipit-, praeceps — see precipice
Noun
New Latin praecipitatum, from Latin, neuter of praecipitatus — see precipitateentry 1