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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2160 COCA: 1012

tough

1 of 4

adjective

tougher; toughest
1
: difficult to accomplish, resolve, endure, or deal with
a tough question
tough luck
2
: capable of enduring strain, hardship, or severe labor
tough soldiers
3
: unruly, rowdyish
started hanging out with the tough kids
4
a
: strong or firm in texture but flexible and not brittle
b
: not easily chewed
tough meat
5
: characterized by severity or uncompromising determination
tough laws
tough discipline
see also get tough on
6
: very hard to influence : stubborn
a tough negotiator
7
: stubbornly fought
a tough contest
8
: marked by absence of softness or sentimentality
a tough critic
9
toughly adverb

tough

2 of 4

adverb

: in a tough manner (see tough entry 1)
talking tough

tough

3 of 4

noun

: a tough and violent person : rowdy

tough

4 of 4

verb

toughed; toughing; toughs

transitive verb

: to bear unflinchingly : endure
usually used with out especially in the phrase tough it out
Choose the Right Synonym for tough

strong, stout, sturdy, stalwart, tough, tenacious mean showing power to resist or to endure.

strong may imply power derived from muscular vigor, large size, structural soundness, intellectual or spiritual resources.

strong arms
the defense has a strong case

stout suggests an ability to endure stress, pain, or hard use without giving way.

stout hiking boots

sturdy implies strength derived from vigorous growth, determination of spirit, solidity of construction.

a sturdy table
people of sturdy independence

stalwart suggests an unshakable dependability.

stalwart environmentalists

tough implies great firmness and resiliency.

a tough political opponent

tenacious suggests strength in seizing, retaining, clinging to, or holding together.

tenacious farmers clinging to an age-old way of life

Example Sentences

Adjective I have a tough constitution, and my profession taught me how to compete against long odds and big obstacles. Lance Armstrong, It's Not About The Bike, (2000) 2001 … Pelletreau had firsthand experience in dealing with Israelis as well as with Arabs and had a reputation for being bold, analytical, and tough as nails. Robert D. Kaplan, The Arabists, 1993 … this wiry, tough, frenetic Algerian with the beneficent smile, who could vault over the bar and stiff-arm a drunk out into the night in less time than it takes to say Edgar Poe, and return, bland as butter, to take up where he left off … William Styron, "The Paris Review," August 1953, in William Styron, This Quiet Dust And Other Writings(1953) 1982 He had on the other hand to preserve his own reputation as a tough D.A. who dealt handily with the criminal classes. E. L. Doctorow, Ragtime, (1974) 1975 She had a tough time in college. Are you tough enough for the job? He's been hanging around with a bunch of tough guys. The rug is made of tough material. Adverb He talks tough but he's not really dangerous. Noun One night, after antagonizing a gang of older toughs, he had his face smashed in with a hockey stick. John Harris, Rolling Stone, 14 Nov. 2002 They weren't strong enough to fight Sankoh and his hopped-up young toughs, who number in the thousands. Tom Masland et al., Newsweek, 15 May 2000 The subways provided fine service, except that lately there had been a problem. Packs of young toughs had taken to roaming the cars. Tom Wolf, Harper's, November 1989 didn't want her son hanging out with the neighborhood toughs Verb Summer in New York is coasting the dairy aisle at Safeway.  … It's finding the spot in a subway car where the vent blows strongest and staying there past your stop, toughing it out when the "excuse me, ladies and gentlemen" hard-luck stories blow through. Guy Trebay, Village Voice, 30 July 1991 … they were toughing it out with the help of the greatest ally a macho young cop ever had, booze. Joseph Wambaugh, Lines and Shadows, 1984 See More
Recent Examples on the Web
Adjective
In the post-Obama era, both Black churches and civic organizations are producing bolder Black political leaders who are more willing to enter tough, high-profile races. Tim Craig, Washington Post, 13 Sep. 2022 He became known for his accuracy and his ability to manage the tough weather conditions playing on Cleveland’s lakefront through snow, rain and wind. Ashley Bastock, cleveland, 13 Sep. 2022 Creating a gloss with a Teflon-tough hold is something pretty much every makeup brand has been trying to do for a while now, Dobos adds. Allure Editors, Allure, 13 Sep. 2022 There are two ways to walk into work Monday after a tough loss on a Sunday — bad or worse. Detroit Free Press, 13 Sep. 2022 Saban said players develop mental toughness through tough situations. Nick Alvarez | Nalvarez@al.com, al, 12 Sep. 2022 In addition to cancer, ARPA-H is expected to fund research into a variety of tough-to-cure diseases, including Alzheimer’s and diabetes. Jon Chesto, BostonGlobe.com, 12 Sep. 2022 With the theme of perseverance in today's tough world, Banderas, who is based in New York City, shared with Fox News Digital her inspiration and motivation for writing the book for kids. Fox News, 12 Sep. 2022 With Mac Jones questionable and the passing game looking one or two steps below Houston’s, the Patriots face another tough road matchup against a more confident Pittsburgh unit. Jeremy Cluff, The Arizona Republic, 12 Sep. 2022
Adverb
In her self-examination, in her embrace of people’s tough-to-look-at struggles, her ethos has been a rejection of shame. Sheri Linden, The Hollywood Reporter, 3 Sep. 2022 As his tough-loving mother, Gaston nearly steals the show, combining a steely exterior with a kind spirit. Joey Morona, cleveland, 4 Aug. 2022 The teaser shows a Canyon AT4X with the Edition 1 package, and the trim level appears to include beefy bodywork and a tough-looking front bumper with a bull bar. Caleb Miller, Car and Driver, 2 Aug. 2022 She’s a sweet-tough, determined, five-foot-tall old-school Southern woman. Matt Wake | Mwake@al.com, al, 19 Aug. 2022 Stash pockets keep everything organized, and the quality is bomber-tough. Matt Jancer, WIRED, 18 Aug. 2022 Kids were obsessed and viewed McCurdy as their own tough-as-nails best friend. Ashley Spencer, Washington Post, 5 Aug. 2022 The market is definitely standing tough, making gains in the face of a negative GDP announcement, a huge 0.75 percentage point rate hike by the Fed, rising energy costs and inflation in general. Q.ai - Powering A Personal Wealth Movement, Forbes, 3 Aug. 2022 Canadian authorities have been particular tough on freezing accounts and funds linked to the 'freedom' protestors. Yvonne Lau, Fortune, 17 Feb. 2022
Noun
Florida State has had a tough on the defensive front all season, but against Miami last week and Boston College, the Seminoles have taken it to a new level. Matt Murschel, orlandosentinel.com, 21 Nov. 2021 Plus, Arizona and Seattle always seem to play each other tough. Greg Moore, The Arizona Republic, 21 Nov. 2021 Environmental dynamics were not supportive of much intensification — mainly due to dry air nearby — but weak upper-level winds could allow for a tough of strengthening before landfall in Cuba during the late morning or afternoon hours Monday. BostonGlobe.com, 6 July 2021 Southside coach Natalie Throneberry said Fayetteville's attack made a tough on the Mavericks' blockers. Paul Boyd, Arkansas Online, 11 Sep. 2020 The Portland distance star came back in a big way from a tough last 16 months by winning Saturday’s men’s race at the U.S. Olympic marathon trials. oregonlive, 2 Mar. 2020 Shots of Phoenix running from street toughs in his clown outfit are intercut with his social worker breaking up with him. Dan Brooks, New York Times, 2 Oct. 2019 At one point, toughs from a drug-trafficking gang called Loyal To Familia arrived on motorbikes looking for members of Brothas, a rival group. The Economist, 28 Nov. 2019 Overcharging the group seemed like a political move to boost his reelection as a tough on crime prosecutor. Dahleen Glanton, chicagotribune.com, 7 Nov. 2019
Verb
As The Invitation opened number one at the U.S. box office this past weekend, millions of moviegoers got the chance to see not one, but two Black women get their chance to tough it out through the film’s runtime. Essence, 29 Aug. 2022 In tune with that idea, Aje offers a heart-rending depiction of a child trying to tough his way through pain. Celia Wren, Washington Post, 30 May 2022 With their hardy build and intelligence, malamutes will gladly tough out less-than-ideal conditions by your side. Erin Berger, Outside Online, 18 Apr. 2013 But now is not the time to silently tough it out, or to go dark. Outside Online, 9 Apr. 2020 En route to exploring his options, O’Neal opted to tough it out at A&M. Brent Zwerneman, San Antonio Express-News, 23 Nov. 2021 While some of the hype may die down as companies grapple with the nitty-gritty of marrying reality with the digital, those companies that tough it out and design the underpinnings of the metaverse stand to gain the most. Q.ai - Make Genius Money Moves, Forbes, 5 Nov. 2021 When logistical nightmares collide with overwhelming emotions, don't try to tough it out alone. Holly Yan, CNN, 1 Sep. 2021 And while many parents assume that middle school is a rite of passage that kids need to stoically tough out, the opposite could not be more true. Sarah Molano, CNN, 10 Aug. 2021 See More

Word History

Etymology

Adjective, Adverb, Noun, and Verb

Middle English, from Old English tōh; akin to Old High German zāhi tough

First Known Use

Adjective

before the 12th century, in the meaning defined at sense 4a

Adverb

14th century, in the meaning defined above

Noun

1801, in the meaning defined above

Verb

1830, in the meaning defined above

Time Traveler
The first known use of tough was before the 12th century

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