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metabolic

adjective

met·​a·​bol·​ic ˌme-tə-ˈbä-lik How to pronounce metabolic (audio)
: of, relating to, or based on metabolism
metabolically adverb

Example Sentences

Recent Examples on the Web Fish found that swimming in single-file formation did indeed seem to reduce metabolic effort, especially for the youngest ducklings. Jennifer Ouellette, Ars Technica, 15 Sep. 2022 Fish is also rich in many nutrients that may help with metabolic and hormonal health including iodine, selenium, vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids. Amy Fischer M.s., R.d., Good Housekeeping, 14 Sep. 2022 One is sodium phenylbutyrate, which is prescribed and FDA-approved to treat a metabolic defect. Sun Sentinel, 14 Sep. 2022 Close to 4 million babies are born in the United States every year, and within their first 48 hours nearly all are pricked in the heel so their blood can be tested for dozens of life-threatening genetic and metabolic problems. Michelle Andrews, CBS News, 13 Sep. 2022 Breakdowns in these microscopic power plants are linked to dozens of diseases, including Alzheimer’s, cancer, metabolic conditions, and several rare genetic diseases. Ryan Cross, BostonGlobe.com, 12 Sep. 2022 Page said her team is now studying how artificial sweeteners affect children's risk of metabolic conditions like diabetes. Aria Bendix, NBC News, 8 Sep. 2022 But for those not at risk, vasopressin could drive most of the metabolic effects of excess fructose, like weight gain, fat accumulation, fatty liver and prediabetes. The Conversation, oregonlive, 22 Aug. 2022 But for those not at risk, vasopressin could drive most of the metabolic effects of excess fructose, like weight gain, fat accumulation, fatty liver and prediabetes. Richard Johnson, The Conversation, 22 Aug. 2022 See More

Word History

Etymology

borrowed from German metabolisch, borrowed from Greek metabolikós "changeable, subject to change," from metabolḗ "change, transition" (from metabol-, stem in noun derivation of metabállein "to put into a different position, turn about, change, alter," from meta- meta- + bállein "to reach by throwing, let fly, strike, put, place") + -ikos -ic entry 1 — more at devil entry 1

Note: The term was introduced by the German physiologist Theodor Schwann (1810-82) in Die Mikroskopischen Untersuchungen über die Uebereinstimmung in der Struktur und dem Wachsthum der Thiere und Pflanzen (Berlin, 1839), p. 229: "Die Frage über die Grundkraft der Organismen reducirt sich also auf die Frage über die Grundkräfte der einzelnen Zellen. Wir müssen nun die allgemeinen Erscheinungen der Zellenbildung betrachten, um zu finden, welche Kräfte man zur Erklärung derselben in den Zellen voraussetzen muss. Diese Erscheinungen lassen sich unter zwei natürlichen Gruppen bringen: Erstens Erscheinungen, die sich auf die Zusammenfügung der Moleküle zu einer Zelle beziehn; man kann sie die plastischen Erscheinungen der Zellen nennen; zweitens Erscheinungen, die sich auf chemische Veränderungen, sowohl der Bestandtheile der Zelle selbst, als des umgebenden Cytoblastems beziehn; diese kann man metabolische Erscheinungen nennen (τὸ μεταβολικὸν [sic] was Umwandlung hervorzubringen oder zu erleiden geneigt ist)." — "The question, then, as to the fundamental powers of organized bodies resolves itself into that of the fundamental powers of the individual cells. We must now consider the general phenomena attending the formation of cells, in order to discover what powers may be presumed to exist in the cells to explain them. These phenomena may be arranged in two natural groups: first, those which relate to the combination of the molecules to form a cell, and which may be denominated the plastic phenomena of the cells; secondly, those which result from chemical changes either in the component particles of the cell itself, or in the surrounding cytoblastema [fluid held to be the formative substance from which cells arise], and which may be called metabolic phenomena (tò metabolikòn, implying that which is liable to occasion or to suffer change)." (Microscopical Researches into the Accordance in the Structure and Growth of Animals and Plants, translator Henry Smith, London, 1847).

First Known Use

1841, in the meaning defined above

Time Traveler
The first known use of metabolic was in 1841

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