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IELTS BNC: 5926 COCA: 6247

vicious

adjective

vi·​cious ˈvi-shəs How to pronounce vicious (audio)
1
a
: dangerously aggressive : savage
a vicious dog
b
: marked by violence or ferocity : fierce
a vicious fight
2
: malicious, spiteful
vicious gossip
3
: worsened by internal causes that reciprocally augment each other
a vicious wage-price spiral
4
: having the nature or quality of vice or immorality : depraved
5
: defective, faulty
also : invalid
6
: impure, noxious
viciously adverb
viciousness noun

Synonyms

Choose the Right Synonym for vicious

vicious, villainous, iniquitous, nefarious, corrupt, degenerate mean highly reprehensible or offensive in character, nature, or conduct.

vicious may directly oppose virtuous in implying moral depravity, or may connote malignancy, cruelty, or destructive violence.

a vicious gangster

villainous applies to any evil, depraved, or vile conduct or characteristic.

a villainous assault

iniquitous implies absence of all signs of justice or fairness.

an iniquitous system of taxation

nefarious suggests flagrant breaching of time-honored laws and traditions of conduct.

the nefarious rackets of organized crime

corrupt stresses a loss of moral integrity or probity causing betrayal of principle or sworn obligations.

city hall was rife with corrupt politicians

degenerate suggests having sunk to an especially vicious or enervated condition.

a degenerate regime propped up by foreign powers

Example Sentences

Challenging areas of social consensus, however dumb or even vicious the consensus, is largely off limits for the media, because it wins no friends among the general public. Richard A. Posner, New York Times Book Review, 31 July 2005 The genetically vicious nature of presidential campaigns in America is too obvious to argue with, but some people call it fun, and I am one of them. Dr. Hunter S. Thompson, Rolling Stone, 11 Nov. 2004 True to Finals form, this hardwood battle has become as vicious as any street scrum. Anne Marie Cruz, ESPN, 24 June 2002 For most of my life I have retained a haunting image from an old Tarzan movie: piranhas, those vicious little fish with the arrowhead-shaped teeth, devouring a pig. Forget that there are no piranha in Africa. But they do exist in Brazil, in abundance in the meandering waterways of the Amazon Basin. Gerald Eskenazi, New York Times, 6 Oct. 2002 The Olympics always seemed too much like war, vicious old men manipulating youngsters hungry for fame into performing heroic acts for short change. Robert Lipsyte, New York Times, 29 July 2001 His slider—a vicious, hard-breaking pitch with which he finished off right-handed hitters for years—was inconsistent and benign, and the velocity of his fastball was diminished. Buster Olney, New York Times Magazine, 4 Mar. 2001 a vicious tone of voice I know you're upset with her, but there's no need to be vicious. See More
Recent Examples on the Web This vicious cycle precludes the medical profession from achieving justice, equity, diversity, and inclusion, and therefore prevents the population from achieving health equity. Pringl Miller, STAT, 11 Sep. 2022 If investors start to lose faith in Britain’s ability to finance itself, the pound could fall further, spurring inflation and a vicious cycle. Max Colchester, WSJ, 6 Sep. 2022 This can turn into a vicious cycle in which someone keeps treating headache pain, only to develop more pain from the medication. Korin Miller, SELF, 22 Aug. 2022 There may be a vicious cycle at play here too, because droughts and floods could make subsequent droughts and floods more severe. WIRED, 21 Aug. 2022 That’s crucial for the Fed because expectations for higher inflation in the future can trigger buying activity that inflames inflation further in a self-fulfilling, vicious cycle. Alex Veiga, BostonGlobe.com, 24 June 2022 Limiting federal subsidies for graduate education can arrest this vicious cycle and reduce the need for future generations to borrow. Preston Cooper, Forbes, 17 Aug. 2022 Official recession recognition will have to await a wider variety of data releases, however, because a recession is a vicious cycle of declining employment, income, output and sales that then feed back into a further drop in employment, etc. CNN, 29 July 2022 The risk now is that the inability of developers to deliver properties will lead to a vicious cycle: potential home buyers stay away, which worsens developers’ ability to raise money to complete projects. Jacky Wong, WSJ, 28 July 2022 See More

Word History

Etymology

Middle English, from Anglo-French vicios, from Latin vitiosus full of faults, corrupt, from vitium vice

First Known Use

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 4

Time Traveler
The first known use of vicious was in the 14th century

Phrases Containing vicious

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