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pernicious

adjective

per·​ni·​cious pər-ˈni-shəs How to pronounce pernicious (audio)
1
: highly injurious or destructive : deadly
2
archaic : wicked
perniciously adverb
perniciousness noun

Did you know?

insidious, sinister, or pernicious?

Few would choose to be associated with people or things that are insidious, sinister, or pernicious; all three of these words have decidedly unpleasant meanings, each with its own particular shade of nastiness.

Insidious comes from a Latin word for “ambush” (insidiae), which is fitting, as this word often carries the meanings “deceitful,” “stealthy,” or “harmful in an imperceptible fashion.” The first two meanings may be applied to people or things (“an insidious enemy,” “an insidious plot”), while the last is usually applied to things (“insidious problems,” “insidious sexism”), in particular to the gradual progress of a disease (“an insidious malignancy”).

Sinister comes from a Latin word meaning “on the left side, unlucky, inauspicious.” Although it is commonly used today in the sense “evil” (“a sinister cult leader”; “a sinister plot”), it may also suggest an ominous foreshadowing of some unfavorable turn of events (“a sinister omen”).

Pernicious has largely stayed true to its etymological root, the Latin noun pernicies “ruin, destruction.” Its original meaning in English, “highly injurious or destructive,” usually applies to things (“pernicious apathy,” “pernicious effects”) and medical conditions (“pernicious fever,” “pernicious anemia”). When applied to people, pernicious means “wicked.”

Choose the Right Synonym for pernicious

pernicious, baneful, noxious, deleterious, detrimental mean exceedingly harmful.

pernicious implies irreparable harm done through evil or insidious corrupting or undermining.

the claim that pornography has a pernicious effect on society

baneful implies injury through poisoning or destroying.

the baneful notion that discipline destroys creativity

noxious applies to what is both offensive and injurious to the health of a body or mind.

noxious chemical fumes

deleterious applies to what has an often unsuspected harmful effect.

a diet found to have deleterious effects

detrimental implies obvious harmfulness to something specified.

the detrimental effects of excessive drinking

Example Sentences

The notion that poll data are a legitimate form of news has to be one of the most pernicious tenets of late-twentieth-century American journalism … Barbara Ehrenreich, Nation, 20 Nov. 1995 The more it [the Papacy] took part in the temporal conflicts with consistently pernicious result, the more impotent among the monarchs it revealed itself … Barbara W. Tuchman, The March of Folly, 1984 At its most pernicious, paper entrepreneurialism involves little more than imposing losses on others for the sake of short-term profits for the firm. Robert B. Reich, Atlantic, March 1983 More pernicious still has been the acceptance of the author's controversial ideas by the general public. the pernicious effects of jealousy She thinks television has a pernicious influence on our children. See More
Recent Examples on the Web At a time when women, in particular, are in the workforce but earning less than their male counterparts, often while doing vital care work at the same time, this feels particularly pernicious. Vicky Spratt, refinery29.com, 6 June 2022 Scant rainfall, gusty winds and anomalously warm temperatures during the months of April and May — following a winter with little snow — proved pernicious, helping the fires to fester and grow uncontrollably. Jason Samenow, Washington Post, 21 June 2022 Because the pernicious effects of these substances often show themselves slowly—and are so widespread—few will be able to prove harm or secure a settlement. Jasper Craven, The New Republic, 28 June 2021 In Milbank’s narrative, Gingrich emerges as Trump’s second-most-pernicious mentor, after Roy Cohn. Christopher Buckley, Washington Post, 5 Aug. 2022 That smacks of McCarthyism and is especially pernicious at a sensitive political moment. Susan Brooks, WSJ, 10 Aug. 2022 What’s pernicious is the inference that things will never get better. Brennan Barnard, Forbes, 6 July 2022 But the 10-year budget window is again proving to have pernicious effects on how Congress spends our money. Elizabeth Bauer, Forbes, 30 June 2022 Jan De Loecker, a professor at KU Leuven in Belgium who was a co-author of a seminal paper on the pernicious effects of rising market concentration, doubts that concentration worsens price increases across the board. New York Times, 3 June 2022 See More

Word History

Etymology

Middle English, from Anglo-French, from Latin perniciosus, from pernicies destruction, from per- + nec-, nex violent death — more at noxious

First Known Use

15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of pernicious was in the 15th century

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