: an account of the life of something (such as an animal, a coin, or a building)
the biography of the commonwealth
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So You've Been Asked to Submit a Biography
In a library, the word biography refers both to a kind of book and to a section where books of that kind are found. Each biography tells the story of a real person's life. A biography may be about someone who lived long ago, recently, or even someone who is still living, though in the last case it must necessarily be incomplete. The term autobiography refers to a biography written by the person it's about. Autobiographies are of course also necessarily incomplete.
Sometimes biographies are significantly shorter than a book—something anyone who's been asked to submit a biography for, say, a conference or a community newsletter will be glad to know. Often the word in these contexts is shortened to bio, a term that can be both a synonym of biography and a term for what is actually a biographical sketch: a brief description of a person's life. These kinds of biographies—bios—vary, but many times they are only a few sentences long. Looking at bios that have been used in the same context can be a useful guide in determining what to put in your own.
a new biography of Abraham Lincoln an unauthorized biography of the actor gave him some serious headaches
Recent Examples on the WebBut expect any characteristic complexities and imperfections to be eclipsed by the halo the director casts around Douglass, the result being more hagiography than biography. Vahaken Mouradian, National Review, 4 Sep. 2022 The two candidates have sparred over their qualifications for the position, with Campbell stressing her compelling biography and Liss-Riordan emphasizing her extensive background as a workers’ rights attorney. Globe Staff, BostonGlobe.com, 2 Sep. 2022 Dismissing her own past scientific ambitions, Rose recommits herself to the more interesting experiment that is her current life, teaching junior college, taking the dog for walks, and—the reader is happy to learn—writing Henrietta’s biography. Christoph Irmscher, WSJ, 2 Sep. 2022 King of Soca is also more than a standard biography; Lady Montano packed it with family photos, album covers and anecdotes from those closest to the soca legend. Melissa Noel, Essence, 2 Sep. 2022 Meanwhile, a relentless and heavily pregnant journalist, a fictional Pressler played by actress Anna Chlumsky, tries to nail down Sorokin’s shifting biography for a profile piece. Adela Suliman, Washington Post, 31 Aug. 2022 Near the end of her life, Gardner recruited Evans as a ghost writer for a tell-all biography. Maureen Lee Lenker, EW.com, 31 Aug. 2022 Astronaut Nicole Aunapu Mann is currently training for NASA's SpaceX Crew-5 mission, which is scheduled for liftoff on Oct. 3, according to Reuters and Mann's biography on NASA's website. Tommy Mcardle, Peoplemag, 29 Aug. 2022 That’s why, even though Lili Anolik’s recent biography of Eve Babitz, Hollywood’s Eve, tells a compelling story about Babitz’s life, there’s still more to be discovered about the beloved writer in her own archives—and in her own voice. Emma Sarappo, The Atlantic, 26 Aug. 2022 See More
Word History
Etymology
Late Greek biographia, from Greek bi- + -graphia -graphy