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presume

verb

pre·​sume pri-ˈzüm How to pronounce presume (audio)
presumed; presuming

transitive verb

1
: to undertake without leave or clear justification : dare
2
: to expect or assume especially with confidence
3
: to suppose to be true without proof
presumed innocent until proved guilty
4
: to take for granted : imply

intransitive verb

1
: to act or proceed presumptuously or on a presumption
2
: to go beyond what is right or proper
presumedly
pri-ˈzü-məd-lē How to pronounce presume (audio) -ˈzümd-lē How to pronounce presume (audio)
adverb
presumer noun

Did you know?

The Difference Between Assume and Presume

Assume and presume both mean "to take something for granted" or "to take something as true," but the words differ in the degree of confidence the person assuming or presuming has. Presume is used when someone is making an informed guess based on reasonable evidence. Assume is used when the guess is based on little or no evidence.

Presume functions a little differently in the legal catchphrase "presumed innocent until proven guilty." That sense of presume is separately defined as "to suppose to be true without proof." It is based on the fact that legal systems grant a defendant the presumption of innocence, thereby placing the burden of proof on the prosecution.

Synonyms

Example Sentences

“Is she still at work?” “I presume so, since she's not home.” The court must presume innocence until there is proof of guilt.
Recent Examples on the Web And, what about afflictions such as schizophrenia or bipolar and anxiety disorders that many presume to be attached to chemical problems in the brain? Dr. Keith Roach, oregonlive, 7 Sep. 2022 The medical logic of inept politicians is jarring enough to presume that the ineptitude might itself be circumscribed by a medical explanation. Wired, 11 Aug. 2022 The legislation now requires the Department of Veterans Affairs to presume that some illnesses are linked to vets having been exposed to toxic burn pits while on duty. Catherine Garcia, The Week, 2 Aug. 2022 Evidence shows when juries believe lyrics to be rap lyrics, there’s a tendency to presume it’s a confession, whereas lyrics for other genres of music are understood to be art, not factual reporting. Shirley Halperin, Variety, 27 July 2022 And airline schedulers took the increase in traffic to presume everyone suddenly wanted to take a flight, in many cases to a new destination. Peter Greenberg, CBS News, 21 July 2022 Agencies may not lightly presume that the legislature has delegated to them the most important policy questions of our day and simply decide those questions themselves. Paul Atkins, WSJ, 12 July 2022 Those who haven't experienced pregnancy or childbirth presume a general idea of what happens to the body: changes in your hair, skin, breast size and of course a growing baby bump. Sara M Moniuszko, USA TODAY, 15 Apr. 2022 Sometimes their lawyers are waiting for them, alerted by families who presume they have been arrested. Allison Mccann, New York Times, 16 July 2022 See More

Word History

Etymology

Middle English, from Late Latin & Anglo-French; Anglo-French presumer, from Late Latin praesumere to dare, from Latin, to anticipate, assume, from prae- + sumere to take — more at consume

First Known Use

14th century, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of presume was in the 14th century

Phrases Containing presume

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