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rough
13 ENTRIES FOUND:
rougher; roughest
rougher; roughest
Learner's definition of ROUGH
[also more rough; most rough]
1
: having a surface that is not even粗糙的；不平滑的；高低不平的 — opposite smooth
- rough tree bark粗糙的树皮
- a cat's rough tongue猫粗糙的舌头
- He trimmed the rough edge of the paper.他把纸的毛边切齐整。
- We traveled over rough dirt roads.我们走过崎岖不平的土路。
- They hiked through rough terrain/country.他们徒步穿越高低不平的地带/乡间。
2
: having or causing sudden, violent movements猛烈的；剧烈的 — opposite smooth
- a rough [=bumpy] ride on an old wooden roller coaster坐了一趟颠簸的老旧木制过山车
- We were a bit shaken from the plane's rough landing.飞机着陆时的剧烈颠簸使我们感到有点恐惧。
3
somewhat informal : difficult or unpleasant to deal with艰难的；讨厌的；令人不快的
- She's had a rough [=tough] life/year/time.她有过一段艰难的生活/岁月/时光。
- He went through a rough patch/period after his divorce.离婚之后他经历了一段痛苦的时期。
- They've hit a few rough spots in their marriage.他们的婚姻已经历过几次艰难时刻。
- Despite a rough start, the team won more games this season than last.虽然开局不利，但球队本赛季比上一个赛季赢了更多的比赛。
- I had a rough night last night. [=I did not sleep well]昨天晚上我没睡好。
- It was rough going [=things were difficult] for a while.有一段时间事情进展得不顺利。
- Our ancestors had it rough [=had a difficult existence] compared to us.与我们相比，我们的祖先生活艰难。
- He's having a rough time (of it). = He's going through a rough time. [=he is having a difficult time; his life has been difficult recently]他处境艰难。
4
: not calm : having large waves, strong winds, storms, etc.不平静的；风浪很大的；汹涌的
- The sea is rough today.今天海上风浪很大。
- rough waters off the coast海岸边汹涌的海水
- We ran into some rough [=stormy] weather.我们遇到了暴风雨天气。
5
: not gentle or careful : causing or likely to cause harm or injury粗暴的；粗野的
- These dishes are not made to withstand rough handling.这些盘子经不起磕碰。
- The prisoners complained about rough treatment by the guards.囚犯们抱怨受到看守的粗暴对待。
- She says the kids are too rough [=rowdy] when they play.她说这些孩子们玩起来太粗野。
- He doesn't like rough sports like hockey.他不喜欢像冰球那样的粗野运动。
- All right kids—no rough stuff. [=no behaving or playing in a rough way]好啦，孩子们，不准打闹。
- Don't be so rough on them [=don't punish or criticize them so harshly] for making a mistake.不要因为他们犯个错误就对他们如此严厉。
6
: having a lot of crime or danger犯罪盛行的；危险的
- I live in a pretty rough neighborhood/area.我住在一个非常危险的街区/区域。
7
: made or done in a way that is simple or that needs further changes, improvements, etc.简单的；简陋的；不完善的
- He made a rough sketch of the house.他画出了这所房子的草图。
- They built a rough [=crude] shelter out of branches.他们用树枝搭建了一个简陋的棚子。
- He submitted a rough draft of the article.他提交了文章的草稿。
- The project still has a few rough edges. [=the project still has a few things that need to be changed or finished]这个工程还有几处瑕疵需要改进。
- The design is still a bit rough around the edges.这个设计尚有美中不足之处。
8
always used before a noun : not precise or exact : not including all the details粗略的；不确切的；大致的
- If I were to make a rough guess, I might say there were 100,000 people at the parade.要是让我粗略估计一下，我会说游行队伍中有10万人。
- a rough translation of a Chinese proverb对一则中国谚语的大致翻译
- This sketch will give you a rough idea of what the house looks like.这幅草图会使你对这所房子的外观有一个大致的了解。
9
: having a harsh sound刺耳的
- She has a rough voice.她的嗓音很刺耳。
10
British, informal : not well不舒服的；不适的
- I'm feeling too rough to go out tonight.今天晚上我感觉很不舒服，不想出去。
— roughness
noun [noncount]- the roughness of the waves波涛的汹涌
- surfaces with varying degrees of roughness and smoothness粗糙度和平滑度不等的表面
2 rough /ˈrʌf/ adverb
2 rough
/ˈrʌf/
adverb
Learner's definition of ROUGH
1
: in a rough way粗糙地；粗略地；粗暴地
- The engine is running a little rough.这台发动机的运转有点不稳。
- Life has been treating her pretty rough.她生活一直不如意。
- He plays rough with the dog.他常和那只狗疯玩。
2
British : outside and without shelter风餐露宿
- people living/sleeping rough on the streets露宿街头的人们
3 rough /ˈrʌf/ noun
plural roughs
3 rough
/ˈrʌf/
noun
plural roughs
Learner's definition of ROUGH
1
the rough golf : an area on a golf course covered with tall grass that makes it difficult to hit the ball（高尔夫球场的）长草区，深草区
- He hit his drive into the rough.他把球发进了长草区。
2
[count] : something (such as a drawing) that is done quickly and is not detailed or finished草稿；草图
- He showed me a few roughs of the new building.他给我看了新楼的几幅草图。
3
[count] informal + old-fashioned : a person who is loud and violent粗野的人；暴徒
- a gang of roughs [=rowdies, hoodlums]一群暴徒
in rough
British : in an unfinished form作为草稿
- The plans were done in rough for preapproval.这些计划是为了预审而草拟的。
in the rough
chiefly US : in an unfinished or rough state未完成的；未加工的；未雕琢的 — see also diamond in the rough
- Some of the turquoise is polished and some is in the rough. [=not polished]有些绿松石已抛光，有些还未经加工。
- He admired the beauty of nature in the rough.他欣赏原生态的自然之美。
take the rough with the smooth
chiefly British : to accept and deal with the bad or unpleasant things that happen in addition to the good or pleasant things好事坏事都能接受；既能享乐也能吃苦
- In this business, you have to learn to take the rough with the smooth.干这一行，你得学着既能享乐也能吃苦。
4 rough /ˈrʌf/ verb
roughs; roughed; roughing
4 rough
/ˈrʌf/
verb
roughs; roughed; roughing
Learner's definition of ROUGH
[+ object] American football + ice hockey
: to hit (a player) very hard in a way that is not allowed by the rules（在美式橄榄球、冰球等比赛中对对手）动粗
- He was called for roughing the kicker/passer.他因为对踢球手/传球手动粗而被判罚。
rough in
[phrasal verb] rough (something) in or rough in (something)
: to make a rough or unfinished version of (something, such as a design) as the first step in creating the finished version打草稿；画底稿
- Rough in the lettering on your poster.在你的招贴画上大致地勾写上文字。
- He roughed in the frame of the new door.他大致勾画出了新门的框架。
rough it
informal : to live usually for a short time without the normal things that make life comfortable因陋就简地生活
- She was roughing it in the wilderness.她在野外过着艰苦的生活。
rough out
[phrasal verb] rough (something) out or rough out (something)
: to make (something, such as a drawing or a list) quickly and without including all the details草拟；画…草图
- We'll rough out a general plan.我们会草拟一份大致的计划。
rough up
[phrasal verb] rough (someone) up or rough up (someone) informal
: to hit and hurt (someone)殴打；使受伤
- The prisoner claimed that he was roughed up by the guards.这名囚犯声称自己被看守殴打。
rougher; roughest
1
a
: marked by inequalities, ridges, or projections on the surface : coarse
b
: covered with or made up of coarse and often shaggy hair compare smooth, wirehaired
(2)
: difficult to travel through or penetrate : wild
2
a
b(1)
: characterized by harshness, violence, or force
(2)
: presenting a challenge : difficult
3
: coarse or rugged in character or appearance: such as
a
: harsh to the ear
b
: crude in style or expression
c
d
: marked by a lack of refinement or grace : uncouth
Synonyms
Adjective
Verb
- bash
- baste
- bat
- batter
- beat
- belabor
- belt
- birch
- bludgeon
- buffet
- bung up
- club
- curry
- do
- drub
- fib [British]
- flog
- hammer
- hide
- lace
- lambaste
- lambast
- lash
- lather
- lick
- maul
- mess (up)
- paddle
- pelt
- pommel
- pound
- pummel
- punch out
- slate
- slog
- switch
- tan
- thrash
- thresh
- thump
- tromp
- wallop
- whale
- whip
- whop
- whap
- whup
- work over
Example Sentences
Adjective He trimmed the rough edge of the paper. We traveled over rough dirt roads. They hiked through rough terrain. We were a bit shaken from the plane's rough landing. He went through a rough patch after his divorce. They've hit a few rough spots in their marriage. Despite a rough start, the team won more games this season than last. Adverb The engine is running a little rough. Life has been treating her pretty rough. He plays rough with the dog. people living rough on the streets Noun He hit his drive into the rough. He showed me a few roughs of the new building. Verb He was called for roughing the kicker. See More
Recent Examples on the Web
Jim Martinez, San Antonio Express-News, 16 Sep. 2022 That’s a pretty rough deal for cats that topple out at approximately two to five stories. Katherine J. Wu, The Atlantic, 13 Sep. 2022 The doorways of defunct nightclubs are crowded with those sleeping rough. Megan Specia, BostonGlobe.com, 7 Sep. 2022 In skin care, there are few things as challenging as the quest to refine rough, bumpy skin texture. Kiana Murden, Vogue, 1 Sep. 2022 Offensive line bounces back After a particularly rough practice Wednesday trying to protect Herbert, the Chargers’ offensive front rebounded with a more encouraging performance Thursday. Jeff Miller, Los Angeles Times, 18 Aug. 2022 The same goes for dogs that like to play rough with their beds and dig and scratch the surface. Madison Yauger, Peoplemag, 17 Aug. 2022 Just don't get too rough; nobody wants to head to the ER on a holiday. Lizz Schumer, Good Housekeeping, 10 Aug. 2022 Hunt, who had as rough as upbringing as almost anyone in the NFL, has a deep love for the game, and an overwhelming loyalty to the city of Cleveland. cleveland, 7 Aug. 2022 David Rooney, The Hollywood Reporter, 1 Sep. 2022 Simply twist the rough-dry tool attachment to activate the flyaway mode to smooth hair for a sleek finish. Katie Intner, Harper's BAZAAR, 21 June 2022 The interior is rich and inviting, sporting natural materials such as wood and rough-cut stone. Abby Montanez, Robb Report, 21 July 2022 But instead of its wild side being inaccessible to most, this system’s rough-cut gem spins off an easy trail less than a mile from a trailhead and appeals to hikers with a sense of adventure, experience, and sturdy boots with good traction. Mare Czinar, The Arizona Republic, 31 Mar. 2022 Alex Borstein, who plays Susie Myerson, Midge’s rough-around-the-edges manager, also saw filming as a brief escape from the anxieties of the pandemic. Meg Donohue, Town & Country, 25 Feb. 2022 At first, her encounters with De Casta’s Chief, a rough-talking teenage parking attendant, only reinforce her frosty disdain. Scott Roxborough, The Hollywood Reporter, 11 Jan. 2022 Playing on a field left rough and rutted by a weekend music event, Vancouver broke in front in the 15th minute on a counter-attack goal from Dájome, his 10th of the season. Kevin Baxter, Los Angeles Times, 2 Nov. 2021 Hotel staff stayed on while the country mostly shut down, collaborating with rough-sleeping charities round the clock. Shafi Musaddique, The Christian Science Monitor, 17 Dec. 2021 San Diego Union-Tribune, 15 July 2022 Champ managed to chip out onto the primary rough, then scoot up the fairway. BostonGlobe.com, 26 July 2021 Champ managed to chip out onto the primary rough, then scoot up the fairway. BostonGlobe.com, 26 July 2021 Champ managed to chip out onto the primary rough, then scoot up the fairway. BostonGlobe.com, 26 July 2021 Champ managed to chip out onto the primary rough, then scoot up the fairway. BostonGlobe.com, 26 July 2021 The left rough awaited him on No. 4 as well, as did a greenside bunker on No. 7. Tim Reynolds, ajc, 27 Feb. 2022 Champ managed to chip out onto the primary rough, then scoot up the fairway. BostonGlobe.com, 26 July 2021 His wedge shot on No. 12, from the right rough, landed on the front of the green, rolled and rolled and rolled … and then disappeared into the hole for eagle, abruptly vaulting Homa one shot behind McNealy. Ron Kroichick, San Francisco Chronicle, 19 Sep. 2021 Robyn Dixon, Washington Post, 13 Aug. 2022 Again, having been shut out of spring practice, this is our first chance to rough out some answers to those questions. Zach Osterman, The Indianapolis Star, 1 Aug. 2022 Hydro Flask Outdoor Kitchen Collection $20 – $75 THE PROMISE: Kitchenware that’s ready to rough it, but sleek enough for fancy backyard cookouts. Outside Online, 14 Aug. 2020 Last season, when the going to rough against the Bucks in the playoffs, the Heat wilted. Ira Winderman, Sun Sentinel, 27 Apr. 2022 Glamping is for those who don’t want to rough it too much but do want a close-to-camping-outdoors experience. Lois K. Solomon, Sun Sentinel, 2 June 2022 Last season, when the going to rough against the Bucks in the playoffs, the Heat wilted. Ira Winderman, Sun Sentinel, 27 Apr. 2022 While Taylor and her then-husband, actor Richard Burton, were filming on location in Mexico in the 1960s, Burton sent his bodyguards after Mr. Galella to rough him up and confiscate his film. Washington Post, 5 May 2022 Last season, when the going to rough against the Bucks in the playoffs, the Heat wilted. Ira Winderman, Sun Sentinel, 27 Apr. 2022 See More
Adjective
Marshall made the playoffs last year playing in District 29-6A but has found the going rough this season in a new district. Jim Martinez, San Antonio Express-News, 16 Sep. 2022 That’s a pretty rough deal for cats that topple out at approximately two to five stories. Katherine J. Wu, The Atlantic, 13 Sep. 2022 The doorways of defunct nightclubs are crowded with those sleeping rough. Megan Specia, BostonGlobe.com, 7 Sep. 2022 In skin care, there are few things as challenging as the quest to refine rough, bumpy skin texture. Kiana Murden, Vogue, 1 Sep. 2022 Offensive line bounces back After a particularly rough practice Wednesday trying to protect Herbert, the Chargers’ offensive front rebounded with a more encouraging performance Thursday. Jeff Miller, Los Angeles Times, 18 Aug. 2022 The same goes for dogs that like to play rough with their beds and dig and scratch the surface. Madison Yauger, Peoplemag, 17 Aug. 2022 Just don't get too rough; nobody wants to head to the ER on a holiday. Lizz Schumer, Good Housekeeping, 10 Aug. 2022 Hunt, who had as rough as upbringing as almost anyone in the NFL, has a deep love for the game, and an overwhelming loyalty to the city of Cleveland. cleveland, 7 Aug. 2022 Adverb
Just as Hoss brings her skills as a violinist to the part, young cellist Sophie Kauer adds authenticity in her impressive first acting role as the rough-edged but preternaturally poised Olga. David Rooney, The Hollywood Reporter, 1 Sep. 2022 Simply twist the rough-dry tool attachment to activate the flyaway mode to smooth hair for a sleek finish. Katie Intner, Harper's BAZAAR, 21 June 2022 The interior is rich and inviting, sporting natural materials such as wood and rough-cut stone. Abby Montanez, Robb Report, 21 July 2022 But instead of its wild side being inaccessible to most, this system’s rough-cut gem spins off an easy trail less than a mile from a trailhead and appeals to hikers with a sense of adventure, experience, and sturdy boots with good traction. Mare Czinar, The Arizona Republic, 31 Mar. 2022 Alex Borstein, who plays Susie Myerson, Midge’s rough-around-the-edges manager, also saw filming as a brief escape from the anxieties of the pandemic. Meg Donohue, Town & Country, 25 Feb. 2022 At first, her encounters with De Casta’s Chief, a rough-talking teenage parking attendant, only reinforce her frosty disdain. Scott Roxborough, The Hollywood Reporter, 11 Jan. 2022 Playing on a field left rough and rutted by a weekend music event, Vancouver broke in front in the 15th minute on a counter-attack goal from Dájome, his 10th of the season. Kevin Baxter, Los Angeles Times, 2 Nov. 2021 Hotel staff stayed on while the country mostly shut down, collaborating with rough-sleeping charities round the clock. Shafi Musaddique, The Christian Science Monitor, 17 Dec. 2021 Noun
Marx’s drive landed beneath a tree in the right rough. San Diego Union-Tribune, 15 July 2022 Champ managed to chip out onto the primary rough, then scoot up the fairway. BostonGlobe.com, 26 July 2021 Champ managed to chip out onto the primary rough, then scoot up the fairway. BostonGlobe.com, 26 July 2021 Champ managed to chip out onto the primary rough, then scoot up the fairway. BostonGlobe.com, 26 July 2021 Champ managed to chip out onto the primary rough, then scoot up the fairway. BostonGlobe.com, 26 July 2021 The left rough awaited him on No. 4 as well, as did a greenside bunker on No. 7. Tim Reynolds, ajc, 27 Feb. 2022 Champ managed to chip out onto the primary rough, then scoot up the fairway. BostonGlobe.com, 26 July 2021 His wedge shot on No. 12, from the right rough, landed on the front of the green, rolled and rolled and rolled … and then disappeared into the hole for eagle, abruptly vaulting Homa one shot behind McNealy. Ron Kroichick, San Francisco Chronicle, 19 Sep. 2021 Verb
Instead, Lukashenko’s thuggish enforcers at GUBOPiK have a green light to rough up activists and target their families. Robyn Dixon, Washington Post, 13 Aug. 2022 Again, having been shut out of spring practice, this is our first chance to rough out some answers to those questions. Zach Osterman, The Indianapolis Star, 1 Aug. 2022 Hydro Flask Outdoor Kitchen Collection $20 – $75 THE PROMISE: Kitchenware that’s ready to rough it, but sleek enough for fancy backyard cookouts. Outside Online, 14 Aug. 2020 Last season, when the going to rough against the Bucks in the playoffs, the Heat wilted. Ira Winderman, Sun Sentinel, 27 Apr. 2022 Glamping is for those who don’t want to rough it too much but do want a close-to-camping-outdoors experience. Lois K. Solomon, Sun Sentinel, 2 June 2022 Last season, when the going to rough against the Bucks in the playoffs, the Heat wilted. Ira Winderman, Sun Sentinel, 27 Apr. 2022 While Taylor and her then-husband, actor Richard Burton, were filming on location in Mexico in the 1960s, Burton sent his bodyguards after Mr. Galella to rough him up and confiscate his film. Washington Post, 5 May 2022 Last season, when the going to rough against the Bucks in the playoffs, the Heat wilted. Ira Winderman, Sun Sentinel, 27 Apr. 2022 See More Word History
Etymology
Adjective
Middle English, from Old English rūh; akin to Old High German rūh rough, Lithuanian raukas wrinkle
First Known Use
Adjective
before the 12th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a
Adverb
14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1
Noun
15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1
Verb
1728, in the meaning defined at sense 1
Time Traveler
The first known use of rough was before the 12th century Phrases Containing rough
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