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TOEFL BNC: 22219 COCA: 17082

retard

1 of 2

verb

re·​tard ri-ˈtärd How to pronounce retard (audio)
retarded; retarding; retards

transitive verb

: to delay or impede the development or progress of : to slow up especially by preventing or hindering advance or accomplishment
chemicals to retard the spread of fire

intransitive verb

: to become delayed : to undergo retardation
retarder noun

retard

2 of 2

noun

re·​tard
plural retards
1
ri-ˈtärd How to pronounce retard (audio) : a holding back or slowing down : retardation
2
ˈrē-ˌtärd How to pronounce retard (audio) offensive : a person affected with intellectual disability
3
ˈrē-ˌtärd How to pronounce retard (audio) informal + offensive : a foolish or stupid person

Synonyms

Choose the Right Synonym for retard

delay, retard, slow, slacken, detain mean to cause to be late or behind in movement or progress.

delay implies a holding back, usually by interference, from completion or arrival.

bad weather delayed our arrival

retard suggests reduction of speed without actual stopping.

language barriers retarded their progress

slow and slacken also imply a reduction of speed, slow often suggesting deliberate intention

medication slowed the patient's heart rate

, slacken an easing up or relaxing of power or effort.

on hot days runners slacken their pace

detain implies a holding back beyond a reasonable or appointed time.

unexpected business had detained her

Example Sentences

Verb The chemical will retard the spread of fire. The problems have retarded the progress of the program.

Word History

Etymology

Verb

Middle English, from Anglo-French or Latin; Anglo-French retarder, from Latin retardare, from re- + tardus slow

First Known Use

Verb

15th century, in the meaning defined at transitive sense

Noun

1781, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of retard was in the 15th century

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