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perfunctory

adjective

per·​func·​to·​ry pər-ˈfəŋ(k)-t(ə-)rē How to pronounce perfunctory (audio)
1
: characterized by routine or superficiality : mechanical
a perfunctory smile
2
: lacking in interest or enthusiasm
perfunctorily
pər-ˈfəŋ(k)-t(ə-)rə-lē How to pronounce perfunctory (audio)
adverb
perfunctoriness
pər-ˈfəŋ(k)-t(ə-)rē-nəs How to pronounce perfunctory (audio)
noun

Did you know?

A perfunctory explanation of the origins of perfunctory would be this: it comes from Latin. Borrowed in the late 16th century, the word is specifically from the Late Latin perfunctorius, meaning "done in a careless or superficial manner." Perfunctorius ultimately comes from two Latin sources, per-, meaning "through," and fungi, meaning "to perform." Fungi is also a source to such words as function, defunct, and fungible, but not to fungus; that word is also from Latin, but it is most likely a modification of the Greek word spongos, meaning "sponge."

Synonyms

Example Sentences

The eight-time Pro Bowl player sometimes goes several weeks without agreeing to do even the most perfunctory postgame interviews. Nunyo Demasio, Sports Illustrated, 8 Jan. 2007 Convivial and self-absorbed, he talks freely about crime and crooks, with only the most perfunctory nods toward conventional morality. Edward Dolnick, The Rescue Artist, 2005 You probably don't want to know how perfunctory was the presentation of the state's evidence, how tenth-rate was the performance of the court-appointed defense or how wretched was the end. Christopher Hitchens, Nation, 23-30 Aug. 1999 the violinist delivered a perfunctory performance that displayed none of the passion and warmth he was once known for
Recent Examples on the Web Your younger brother just drowned in a perfunctory half-sentence. Anthony Lydgate, WIRED, 6 Sep. 2022 In light of the attack, the fence around the campus looks puny, even perfunctory. Ron Charles, Washington Post, 15 Aug. 2022 Otherwise, the group sections are a bit perfunctory, and the solos, all a little on the flirtatious side of Bharatanatyam, acquire a sameness in succession. New York Times, 24 July 2022 The state House voted 72-21 late Tuesday to pass Republican Sen. Beth Mizell's Senate Bill 44, which has already cleared the Senate but must return there for a final perfunctory vote because it was amended to remove intramural sports. Greg Hilburn, USA TODAY, 18 May 2022 Although Egyptian law limits the length of time detainees can be held, prosecutors and judges often prolong detentions repeatedly after perfunctory hearings. Allison Mccann, New York Times, 16 July 2022 In what has become the new normal, each test launch typically garners perfunctory rebukes from the U.S. and its allies, with Japan predictably condemning the act, lodging complaints with the U.N., and then vowing to share information. Byanthony Trotter, ABC News, 19 May 2022 The characters — especially Beauty — are vague sketches, their interactions predictable and perfunctory. Lovia Gyarkye, The Hollywood Reporter, 29 June 2022 Another broad comedy with lazy writing and perfunctory acting, with lots of gratuitous guest spots from his friends? Bill Goodykoontz, The Arizona Republic, 2 June 2022 See More

Word History

Etymology

Late Latin perfunctorius, from Latin perfungi to accomplish, get through with, from per- through + fungi to perform — more at per-, function

First Known Use

1593, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of perfunctory was in 1593

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