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IELTS BNC: 3608 COCA: 1824

gender

1 of 2

noun

gen·​der ˈjen-dər How to pronounce gender (audio)
plural genders
1
a
: a subclass within a grammatical class (such as noun, pronoun, adjective, or verb) of a language that is partly arbitrary but also partly based on distinguishable characteristics (such as shape, social rank, manner of existence, or sex) and that determines agreement with and selection of other words or grammatical forms
b
: membership of a word or a grammatical form in such a subclass
c
: an inflectional form (see inflection sense 2a) showing membership in such a subclass
2
a
: sex sense 1a
the feminine gender
b
: the behavioral, cultural, or psychological traits typically associated with one sex
c
: gender identity
Those seeking state driver's licenses in Massachusetts are closer to being able to designate their gender as "X" instead of "male" or "female." The state Senate has overwhelmingly approved a bill that would allow for the nonbinary designation on licenses. Steve LeBlanc
Facebook's message was clear when the social media network added new gender options for users on Thursday: the company is sensitive to a wide spectrum of gender identity and wants users to feel accommodated no matter where they see themselves on that spectrum. Katy Steinmetz
Are gender and sex the same? Usage Guide

The words sex and gender have a long and intertwined history. In the 15th century gender expanded from its use as a term for a grammatical subclass to join sex in referring to either of the two primary biological forms of a species, a meaning sex has had since the 14th century; phrases like "the male sex" and "the female gender" are both grounded in uses established for more than five centuries. In the 20th century sex and gender each acquired new uses. Sex developed its "sexual intercourse" meaning in the early part of the century (now its more common meaning), and a few decades later gender gained a meaning referring to the behavioral, cultural, or psychological traits typically associated with one sex, as in "gender roles." Later in the century, gender also came to have application in two closely related compound terms: gender identity refers to a person's internal sense of being male, female, some combination of male and female, or neither male nor female; gender expression refers to the physical and behavioral manifestations of one's gender identity. By the end of the century gender by itself was being used as a synonym of gender identity.

Among those who study gender and sexuality, a clear delineation between sex and gender is typically prescribed, with sex as the preferred term for biological forms, and gender limited to its meanings involving behavioral, cultural, and psychological traits. In this dichotomy, the terms male and female relate only to biological forms (sex), while the terms masculine/masculinity, feminine/femininity, woman/girl, and man/boy relate only to psychological and sociocultural traits (gender). This delineation also tends to be observed in technical and medical contexts, with the term sex referring to biological forms in such phrases as sex hormones, sex organs, and biological sex. But in nonmedical and nontechnical contexts, there is no clear delineation, and the status of the words remains complicated. Often when comparisons explicitly between male and female people are made, we see the term gender employed, with that term dominating in such collocations as gender differences, gender gap, gender equality, gender bias, and gender relations. It is likely that gender is applied in such contexts because of its psychological and sociocultural meanings, the word's duality making it dually useful. The fact remains that it is often applied in such cases against the prescribed use.

Usage of sex and gender is by no means settled. For example, while discrimination was far more often paired with sex from the 1960s through the 20th century and into the 21st, the phrase gender discrimination has been steadily increasing in use since the 1980s and is on track to become the dominant collocation. Currently both terms are sometimes employed with their intended synonymy made explicit: sex/gender discrimination, gender (sex) discrimination.

gender

2 of 2

verb

gendered; gendering ˈjen-d(ə-)riŋ How to pronounce gender (audio)

Example Sentences

Noun young people who are questioning their gender In Spanish, the adjective and noun must agree in number and gender. Some languages do not use genders.
Recent Examples on the Web
Noun
KDKA Pittsburgh reported recently that the voter registration gender gap in Pennsylvania is 12 points, three times the normal gap. Michael Tomasky, The New Republic, 12 Sep. 2022 Today, there are more women welders than in the past, but there is still a significant gender gap. Essence, 2 Sep. 2022 The gender gap in life expectancy has also grown; American women are now expected to live 79.1 years compared to 73.2 for men. Paige Mcglauflin, Fortune, 1 Sep. 2022 The fact that just one film out of five Italian entries in competition is directed by a woman, Susanna Nicchiarelli, underlines Cinema Italiano’s still persistent gender gap. Nick Vivarelli, Variety, 1 Sep. 2022 But the milestone masks another type of gender gap (that’s not about wages). Paul Davidson, USA TODAY, 22 Aug. 2022 Addressing the gender pay gap will require a systems-change approach. WSJ, 18 Aug. 2022 The gender gap is prevalent, with more men supporting Masters by 8 points and more women preferring Kelly by 23 points. Victoria Balara, Fox News, 18 Aug. 2022 The gender wage gap has been a longstanding issue, and athletics is no exception. C Mandler, CBS News, 15 Aug. 2022 See More

Word History

Etymology

Noun

Middle English gendre, from Anglo-French genre, gendre, from Latin gener-, genus birth, race, kind, gender — more at kin

Verb

Middle English gendren, from Anglo-French gendrer, from Latin generare — more at generate

First Known Use

Noun

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a

Verb

14th century, in the meaning defined above

Time Traveler
The first known use of gender was in the 14th century

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