Futile broke into 16th-century English as a Latinate borrowing from Middle French. The Latin derivative, fūtilis, was used to describe things that are brittle or fragile and, by extension, things serving no purpose or being pointless. These meanings survive in the English futile, which denotes ineffectiveness or frivolousness. In 1827, English author Robert Southey found use for the word by blending it into utilitarian to form futilitarian, a word that is used for anyone who believes that human striving is futile—that is, ineffective and/or frivolous.
futile may connote completeness of failure or unwisdom of undertaking.
resistance had proved so futile that surrender was the only choice left
vain usually implies simple failure to achieve a desired result.
a vain attempt to get the car started
fruitless comes close to vain but often suggests long and arduous effort or severe disappointment.
fruitless efforts to obtain a lasting peace
Example Sentences
In a digitized land of national ID cards, dropping out will be impossible, and dreaming about it will be futile. Walter Kirn, Atlantic, May 2002After Redemption and disfranchisement destroyed black political influence, open challenges to white supremacy were futile and dangerous. Adam Fairclough, Journal of American History, June 2000In some futile bid for gentility, the management has barred employees from using the front door, so my first day I enter through the kitchen … Barbara Ehrenreich, Harper's, January 1999In 1845 explorer Charles Sturt led an expedition through these parts on a futile search for an inland sea. Thomas O'Neill, National Geographic, April 1997 All our efforts proved futile. a futile and foolish gesture See More
Recent Examples on the WebAnd yet, in the midst of futile attempts to grind out yardage on the ground, the game’s primal Cro-Magnon essence was fun to watch. Gordon Monson, The Salt Lake Tribune, 11 Sep. 2022 For Honey Blu, an artist and a barista at Hot and Cool Cafe, expecting the media to fully cover the depth of Black L.A. is somewhat of a futile effort.Los Angeles Times, 19 June 2022 Daulton Varsho made a futile attempt to scale the wall, the ball landing three rows deep in the sixth inning on Saturday night. Nick Piecoro, The Arizona Republic, 25 June 2022 Carter was doing it in a futile attempt to appeal to voters in the midst of his unsuccessful re-election campaign. Ky Henderson, Rolling Stone, 4 Apr. 2022 Moreover, even accurate predictions can be futile without a culture of flexibility that allows businesses to shift on the fly as dictated by the needs of their customers. Shane Trigg, Forbes, 6 July 2022 To separate art from its historical framework is futile, and to reject it in an effort to censor past violence is a delusive act of virtue signaling.WSJ, 5 July 2022 But resistance is futile in the tidal wave of glorious music and the company’s determination to send everyone home with an ecstatic smile.Los Angeles Times, 8 July 2022 In such cases, identifying and recapturing fugitives becomes a long, tiresome and, ultimately, futile exercise for weary cops. Naveen Joshi, Forbes, 2 June 2022 See More
Word History
Etymology
borrowed from Middle French & Latin; Middle French, borrowed from Latin fūtilis, futtilis "brittle, fragile (of containers), serving no purpose, pointless," perhaps (if original sense was "leaky") from fū- (going back to Indo-European *ǵheu̯- "pour, shed") + -tilis "obtained by, characterized by (the action of the verb)" — more at found entry 5