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iris

1 of 3

noun (1)

plural irises also irides ˈī-rə-ˌdēz How to pronounce iris (audio)
ˈir-ə-
1
a
: the opaque contractile diaphragm perforated by the pupil and forming the colored portion of the eye see eye illustration
b
: iris diaphragm
also : a similar device with a circular opening that can be varied in size
2
also plural iris : any of a large genus (Iris of the family Iridaceae, the iris family) of perennial herbaceous plants with linear usually basal leaves and large showy flowers
3

Illustration of iris

Illustration of iris
  • iris 2

iris

2 of 3

verb

irised; irising; irises

transitive verb

: to make iridescent

Iris

3 of 3

noun (2)

: the Greek goddess of the rainbow and a messenger of the gods

Example Sentences

Recent Examples on the Web
Noun
Ornamental grasses or Siberian iris that have dead centers should be divided with the dead centers discarded. Tim Johnson, chicagotribune.com, 9 Apr. 2022 An iris of a single, uniform color. Shoulder: Same as haft. oregonlive, 7 May 2021 The procedure involves a laser device creating a hole in the iris of the eye, allowing extra fluid to drain properly. Leah Groth, Health.com, 16 Dec. 2021 Most people are familiar with the bearded iris of mid- to late-spring, and may know the lanky bulbous Dutch iris of early spring. Adrian Higgins, Washington Post, 20 Sep. 2021 Unlike a password, biometric identifiers cannot be changed; your iris and your fingerprint are permanent. Jacob Silverman, The New Republic, 26 Aug. 2021 It was also covered in a thin layer of gold and engraved with a central circle to represent the iris, according to the ancient studies group. Miriam Fauzia, USA TODAY, 17 Aug. 2021 One of those kids is Joella Migliori, a 5-year-old born with three genetic abnormalities, including iris atrophy, when someone is born missing layers of their iris, resulting in changes in vision. Alaa Elassar, CNN, 8 Aug. 2021 But now the British artist is stripping his portraits down, releasing a new collection of works that each feature only a single iris from the eyes of beloved celebrities, powerful political leaders and controversial figures. CNN, 5 June 2021
Verb
Platon has included an image of her iris the moment her child unexpectedly reached out to grab her during the shoot. CNN, 5 June 2021 See More

Word History

Etymology

Noun (1)

Middle English, "iris of the eye, the plant Iris germanica," borrowed from Latin īrid-, īris "rainbow, the plant Iris pallida or related species," borrowed from Greek īrid-, îris "rainbow, iridescent halo around the moon, a flame, etc., iris of the eye, the plant Iris pallida or related species," going back to *wīrid-, *wīris, of uncertain origin

Note: Traditionally, Greek îris "rainbow" (for which an original digamma [letter representing the sound w] is assured by an inscription from Corinth and the metrics of epic poetry) has been regarded as a derivative of Indo-European *u̯ei̯H- "plait, wrap," parallel to Germanic *wīr- (see wire entry 1). However, the variant éris recorded by the Greek lexicographer Hesychius, as well as the dubious character of *wīrid- as an Indo-European formation (< *u̯ih1-r-i-?) has drawn this etymology into question. Perhaps a substratal word.

Noun (2)

Latin, from Greek

First Known Use

Noun (1)

15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 3

Verb

1816, in the meaning defined above

Noun (2)

15th century, in the meaning defined above

Time Traveler
The first known use of iris was in the 15th century

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