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bacteria

noun

bac·​te·​ria bak-ˈtir-ē-ə How to pronounce bacteria (audio)

plural of bacterium

diseases caused by bacteria
Overprescribing antibiotics can contribute to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Maanvi Singh

Note: Microscopic single-celled organisms lacking a distinct nucleus are known as bacteria. They may be shaped like spheres, rods, or spirals. They inhabit virtually all environments, including soil, water, organic matter, and the bodies of animals. Many bacteria swim by means of long whiplike structures called flagella. The DNA of most bacteria is found in a single, circular chromosome, and is distributed throughout the cytoplasm rather than contained within a membrane-enclosed nucleus. Though some bacteria can cause food poisoning and infectious diseases in humans, most are harmless and many are beneficial. They are used in various industrial processes, especially in the food industry (for example, in the production of yogurt, cheeses, and pickles).

Is bacteria singular or plural?: Usage Guide

In its established and uncontroversial uses, bacteria is the plural of bacterium.

… many of the bacteria isolated from these deep environments are anaerobic … Stephen Jay Gould

In speech and in some, typically nontechnical, journalistic writing, it also occurs in a singular sense, synonymous with bacterium.

Lyme disease is a potentially serious arthritis-like ailment caused by a bacteria borne by certain tiny ticks. — The Wall Street Journal
… this bacteria is closely associated with poor health and, in old people, frailty … Leah Hardy

Although the singular use of bacteria is often identified as an error to be avoided, it is common in published writing. The plural form bacterias is also seen but is relatively rare.

The bacteria seems to prefer living in water and is more resistant to chlorine and elevated water temperatures than other bacterias. Allan Bruckheim

Example Sentences

Recent Examples on the Web Defrost meat or poultry before putting it in the slow cooker to prevent bacteria from multiplying in the cooker and causing illness. Bethany, Detroit Free Press, 10 Sep. 2022 Conventional wisdom has been that heavy rains make ocean water dangerous because rain picks up chemicals and bacteria as the water races across concrete, pavement and other hardscapes. David Garrick, San Diego Union-Tribune, 10 Sep. 2022 West Baltimore and parts of Baltimore County had been under a boil water advisory since Monday, after the Baltimore City Department of Public Works found E. coli bacteria at three sites in the city. Jenna Portnoy, Washington Post, 9 Sep. 2022 This ceramic cat fountain allows water to softly bubbles over the tower to entice cats to sip, while pumping water to help prevent bacteria from growing. Ysolt Usigan, Woman's Day, 8 Sep. 2022 The researchers observed changes in the makeup and function of participants' gut microbes, which help break down food and ward off disease-causing bacteria. Aria Bendix, NBC News, 8 Sep. 2022 Your body will start churning out more mucus to trap allergens or bacteria, Justin Turner, MD, PhD, associate professor of otolaryngology-head and neck surgery at Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville, tells SELF. Amy Marturana Winderl, SELF, 6 Sep. 2022 Still, problems can occur where bacteria are introduced to water in the distribution system. Emily Opilo, Baltimore Sun, 6 Sep. 2022 Just be sure to clean your eyelash curler after each use to rid of any bacteria. Kiana Murden, Vogue, 6 Sep. 2022 See More

Word History

Etymology

plural of bacterium

First Known Use

1864, in the meaning defined above

Time Traveler
The first known use of bacteria was in 1864

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