resource, resort, expedient, shift, makeshift, stopgap mean something one turns to in the absence of the usual means or source of supply.
resource and resort apply to anything one falls back upon.
expedient may apply to any device or contrivance used when the usual one is not at hand or not possible.
shift implies a tentative or temporary imperfect expedient.
makeshift implies an inferior expedient adopted because of urgent need or allowed through indifference.
stopgap applies to something used temporarily as an emergency measure.
1766, in the meaning defined above
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