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overwhelm

verb

over·​whelm ˌō-vər-ˈ(h)welm How to pronounce overwhelm (audio)
overwhelmed; overwhelming; overwhelms

transitive verb

1
: upset, overthrow
The tornado overwhelmed many mobile homes.
2
a
: to cover over completely : submerge
The city was overwhelmed by the flooding caused by the hurricane.
b
: to overcome by superior force or numbers
The city was overwhelmed by the invading army.
c
: to overpower in thought or feeling
overwhelmed with grief
overwhelmed by terror
A sense of inadequacy overwhelmed me.
overwhelmed with guilt

Did you know?

Let’s face it: life can get overwhelming. A person might be overwhelmed by a sensory experience or emotion; a city might be overwhelmed by an influx of tourists. Things can underwhelm, too: a bland meal, a bare wall, a lackluster playlist. But how often does an experience just, well, whelm you? The answer, unassumingly, is just as often as one overwhelms you—the two verbs are in fact largely synonymous. Both come from Middle English whelmen, meaning "to overturn," and overwhelm has always been more popular, perhaps because the emphatic redundancy of overwhelm makes it seem more apt for describing reactions to powerful forces or feelings.

Example Sentences

Don't overwhelm him with facts. They were overwhelmed with work. The city was overwhelmed by the invading army.
Recent Examples on the Web Brendel, 6-foot-4 and 299 pounds, doesn’t overwhelm defensive linemen with size or power, which helps explain his journeyman resume. Eric Branch, San Francisco Chronicle, 4 Sep. 2022 Remember, don’t overwhelm yourself by taking on too much. Nicole Serena Silver, Forbes, 26 June 2022 Despite impressive testing numbers, Williams doesn’t overwhelm with quickness, explosiveness or athleticism off the bounce. Chris Fedor, cleveland, 19 June 2022 Grief does not overwhelm the soul nearly as much as $13M from the NRA overwhelms your bank account. Globe Staff, BostonGlobe.com, 27 May 2022 Once-routine tasks and easy lifts suddenly overwhelm her. Washington Post, 13 Jan. 2022 The emotions of the past few weeks overwhelm him at times. Matt Canham, The Salt Lake Tribune, 7 Sep. 2021 Counties are considered to have high transmission levels when community coronavirus circulation could overwhelm local hospitals. Julie Washington, cleveland, 26 Aug. 2022 Coach Jaime Murphy doesn’t want to let those expectations overwhelm her 10-runner squad. BostonGlobe.com, 26 Aug. 2022 See More

Word History

Etymology

Middle English, from over entry 1 + whelmen to turn over, cover up

First Known Use

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of overwhelm was in the 14th century

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