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arbitrary
1 ENTRIES FOUND:
Learner's definition of ARBITRARY
1
[more arbitrary; most arbitrary] : not planned or chosen for a particular reason随心所欲的；任意的 : not based on reason or evidence武断的
- An arbitrary number has been assigned to each district.每个区都被分配了一个随意选定的号码。
- I don't know why I chose that one; it was a completely arbitrary decision.不知道我为何那样选择，它完全是一个武断的决定。
2
: done without concern for what is fair or right专横的；专断的
- Although arbitrary arrests are illegal, they continue to occur in many parts of the country.尽管擅自逮捕是违法的，但在这个国家的许多地方这样的事还是不断发生。
arbitrary
adjective
ar·bi·trary ˈär-bə-ˌtrer-ē 
-ˌtre-rē
1
a
: existing or coming about seemingly at random or by chance or as a capricious and unreasonable act of will
b
: based on or determined by individual preference or convenience rather than by necessity or the intrinsic nature of something
Did you know?
Arbitrary comes from Latin arbiter, which means "judge" and is the source of the English arbiter. In English, arbitrary first meant "depending upon choice or discretion" and was specifically used to indicate the sort of decision (as for punishment) left up to the expert determination of a judge rather than defined by law. Today, it can also be used for anything determined by or as if by a personal choice or whim.
Synonyms
Example Sentences
U.S. News was revealed to have considered assigning in its next rankings an arbitrary SAT score to Sarah Lawrence College because the school no longer collects applicants' scores. 
Julie Rawe, Time, 2 Apr. 2007 Darwin's emphasis on how populations gradually change gave the notion of species a more arbitrary quality: Species had whatever boundaries taxonomists chose. The idea of a species as a population of individuals that breed mostly with each other comes from 20th-century theorists. S. Milius, Science News, 25 Mar. 2006 The Marriage Act certainly employed arbitrary and draconian means. It forced all couples to marry between 8 am and 12 noon, according to the rites of the established Church of England, in one of their respective local parish churches. David Johnson, History Today, November 2003 Two days after President Lincoln issued the first version of his Emancipation Proclamation, he suspended the right of habeas corpus for anyone accused of resisting the draft or discouraging enlistment. Hundreds of civilians were arrested, some for good reasons, some for entirely arbitrary and personal ones. Michael Lesy, Double Take, Spring 2001 An arbitrary number has been assigned to each district. I don't know why I chose that one; it was a completely arbitrary decision. Although arbitrary arrests are illegal, they continue to occur in many parts of the country. See More
Julie Rawe, Time, 2 Apr. 2007 Darwin's emphasis on how populations gradually change gave the notion of species a more arbitrary quality: Species had whatever boundaries taxonomists chose. The idea of a species as a population of individuals that breed mostly with each other comes from 20th-century theorists. S. Milius, Science News, 25 Mar. 2006 The Marriage Act certainly employed arbitrary and draconian means. It forced all couples to marry between 8 am and 12 noon, according to the rites of the established Church of England, in one of their respective local parish churches. David Johnson, History Today, November 2003 Two days after President Lincoln issued the first version of his Emancipation Proclamation, he suspended the right of habeas corpus for anyone accused of resisting the draft or discouraging enlistment. Hundreds of civilians were arrested, some for good reasons, some for entirely arbitrary and personal ones. Michael Lesy, Double Take, Spring 2001 An arbitrary number has been assigned to each district. I don't know why I chose that one; it was a completely arbitrary decision. Although arbitrary arrests are illegal, they continue to occur in many parts of the country. See More Recent Examples on the Web Some planetary experts dispute the 2006 vote, saying the definitions are arbitrary. Clare Mulroy, USA TODAY, 31 Aug. 2022 Critics say a blanket requirement for GPS monitoring is arbitrary and an invasion of privacy. Anabel Sosa, Los Angeles Times, 20 July 2022 Shanghai’s stringent lockdown rules prompted the State Department to issue an advisory asking U.S. citizens to reconsider travel to China, warning of arbitrary enforcement of local laws. Siladitya Ray, Forbes, 12 Apr. 2022 Even by the standards of contemporary Russia’s arbitrary law enforcement, the statement was remarkable, offering no legal pretext to justify the order not to publish the interview. New York Times, 27 Mar. 2022 As part of its travel advisory for China, the U.S. State Department warns that exit bans on foreign nationals exemplify arbitrary enforcement of laws in that country. Andrew Restuccia, WSJ, 28 Sep. 2021 Broad surveillance measures used over the years against Tibetan Buddhists and mainly Muslim Uyghurs, both minority groups in China, are helping enforce lockdown rules among people long at risk of arbitrary detention. Bloomberg.com, 15 Aug. 2022 According to Amnesty International, many of the deportees face arbitrary detention, kidnapping, torture and even death in the the countries where they’re sent. Tazreena Sajjad, The Conversation, 28 July 2022 In February 2021, Canada led a constructive multilateral effort of 58 countries decrying the use of arbitrary detention in state-to-state relations. Jared Genser, WSJ, 25 July 2022 See More
Clare Mulroy, USA TODAY, 31 Aug. 2022 Critics say a blanket requirement for GPS monitoring is arbitrary and an invasion of privacy. Anabel Sosa, Los Angeles Times, 20 July 2022 Shanghai’s stringent lockdown rules prompted the State Department to issue an advisory asking U.S. citizens to reconsider travel to China, warning of arbitrary enforcement of local laws. Siladitya Ray, Forbes, 12 Apr. 2022 Even by the standards of contemporary Russia’s arbitrary law enforcement, the statement was remarkable, offering no legal pretext to justify the order not to publish the interview. New York Times, 27 Mar. 2022 As part of its travel advisory for China, the U.S. State Department warns that exit bans on foreign nationals exemplify arbitrary enforcement of laws in that country. Andrew Restuccia, WSJ, 28 Sep. 2021 Broad surveillance measures used over the years against Tibetan Buddhists and mainly Muslim Uyghurs, both minority groups in China, are helping enforce lockdown rules among people long at risk of arbitrary detention. Bloomberg.com, 15 Aug. 2022 According to Amnesty International, many of the deportees face arbitrary detention, kidnapping, torture and even death in the the countries where they’re sent. Tazreena Sajjad, The Conversation, 28 July 2022 In February 2021, Canada led a constructive multilateral effort of 58 countries decrying the use of arbitrary detention in state-to-state relations. Jared Genser, WSJ, 25 July 2022 See More Word History
Etymology
Middle English, "depending on individual discretion," borrowed from Anglo-French & Latin; Anglo-French arbitraire, arbitrarie "relating to arbitration," borrowed from Latin arbitrārius "relating to or depending on the discretion of an arbiter," from arbitr-, arbiter arbiter + -ārius -ary entry 2
First Known Use
15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 3
Time Traveler
The first known use of arbitrary was in the 15th century adjective
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