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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1998 COCA: 2298

shock
1 shock /ˈʃɑːk/ noun
plural shocks
1 shock
/ˈʃɑːk/
noun
plural shocks
Learner's definition of SHOCK
1 
a  [count] : a sudden usually unpleasant or upsetting feeling caused by something unexpected震惊；惊愕 — usually singular通常用单数
— often + of
— see also culture shock, sticker shock
b  [count] : something unexpected that causes a sudden usually unpleasant or upsetting feeling令人震惊的事 — usually singular通常用单数
c  [noncount] : a state in which you are experiencing a sudden usually unpleasant or upsetting feeling because of something unexpected惊愕，震惊（状态）
d  [count] : a sudden bad change in something（坏的）突变
2 
[noncount] medical : a serious condition in which the body is not able to get enough blood to all the parts of the body休克
◊ Shock is caused by a severe injury, a large loss of blood, etc.休克是由严重受伤、大量失血等因素引起的。
 — see also shell shock, toxic shock syndrome
3 
[count] : the effect of a strong charge of electricity passing through the body of a person or animal电击；触电 — usually singular通常用单数
4 
[count] : shock absorber — usually plural通常用复数
5 
: a violent shake剧烈震动
[count]
— often + of
[noncount]

a shock to the/your system

: something that has a sudden and usually unpleasant effect on you突然的冲击；突然的不适应
— compare 4shock
2 shock /ˈʃɑːk/ verb
shocks; shocked; shocking
2 shock
/ˈʃɑːk/
verb
shocks; shocked; shocking
Learner's definition of SHOCK
1 
[+ object] : to surprise and usually upset (someone)使（某人）震惊
— often used as (be) shocked常用作(be) shocked
— often + at or by
— often + into
2 
: to cause (someone) to feel horror or disgust使恐惧（或厌恶）
[+ object]
[no object]

— shocked

adjective
3 shock /ˈʃɑːk/ adjective
3 shock
/ˈʃɑːk/
adjective
Learner's definition of SHOCK
always used before a noun
— used to describe something that surprises and usually upsets people令人惊愕的；令人不安的

shock horror

British, informal
— used to say that you are surprised by something unpleasant or upsetting when you really are not太令人意外，简直不可思议（用于表达并非真的震惊）
4 shock /ˈʃɑːk/ noun
plural shocks
4 shock
/ˈʃɑːk/
noun
plural shocks
Learner's definition of SHOCK
[count]
: a thick and full mass of hair浓密的一团（乱发） — usually singular通常用单数
— compare 1shock
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1998 COCA: 2298

shock

1 of 6

noun (1)

ˈshäk How to pronounce shock (audio)
often attributive
1
a(1)
: a sudden or violent mental or emotional disturbance
(2)
: a disturbance in the equilibrium or permanence of something
b
: something that causes such disturbance
the loss came as a shock
c
: a state of being so disturbed
were in shock after they heard the news
2
: a state of profound depression of the vital processes associated with reduced blood volume and pressure and caused usually by severe especially crushing injuries, hemorrhage, or burns
3
: sudden stimulation of the nerves and convulsive contraction of the muscles caused by the discharge of electricity through the animal body
4
: shock absorber
5
a
: a violent shake or jar : concussion
b
: an effect of such violence
6
a
: stroke sense 5
b
: coronary thrombosis
7
: the impact or encounter of individuals or groups in combat

shock

2 of 6

verb (1)

shocked; shocking; shocks

transitive verb

1
a
: to strike with surprise, terror, horror, or disgust
b
: to cause to undergo a physical or nervous shock
c
: to subject to the action of an electrical discharge
2
: to drive by or as if by a shock

intransitive verb

1
: to cause surprise or shock
an exhibit meant to shock
2
: to meet with a shock : collide
3
cooking : to halt further cooking of (a vegetable) by submerging in ice water
If you blanch and shock your vegetables (cook them quickly in boiling water, then immerse them in ice water), you'll get a perfectly cooked texture and a nice vibrant color. Once you've done that, you can easily sauté, dress, or grill them. Amanda Freitag
Another way to prevent overcooking is to shock the asparagus in an ice bath … The cold water will stop the cooking process as well as bring out the vegetable's naturally bright color and maintain its crisp texture. Grace Haynes
shockable
ˈshä-kə-bəl How to pronounce shock (audio)
adjective

shock

3 of 6

noun (2)

: a thick bushy mass (as of hair)

shock

4 of 6

adjective

: bushy, shaggy

shock

5 of 6

noun (3)

: a pile of sheaves of grain or stalks of corn set up in a field with the butt ends down

shock

6 of 6

verb (2)

shocked; shocking; shocks

transitive verb

: to collect into shocks

Synonyms

Noun (1)

Verb (1)

Choose the Right Synonym for shock

impact, collision, shock, concussion mean a forceful, even violent contact between two or more things.

impact may be used to imply contact between two things, at least one of which is impelled toward the other.

the glass shattered on impact with the floor

collision implies the coming together of two or more things with such force that both or all are damaged or their progress is severely impeded.

the collision damaged the vehicle

shock often denotes the effect produced by a collision and carries the suggestion of something that strikes or hits with force.

the shock of falling rocks

concussion when not in technical use, often suggests the shattering, disrupting, or weakening effects of a collision, explosion, or blow.

bystanders felt the concussion of the blast

Word History

Etymology

Noun (1)

Middle French choc, from choquer to strike against, from Old French choquier, probably of Germanic origin; akin to Middle Dutch schocken to jolt

Adjective

perhaps from shock entry 5

Noun (3)

Middle English; akin to Middle High German schoc heap

First Known Use

Noun (1)

1565, in the meaning defined at sense 7

Verb (1)

1575, in the meaning defined at intransitive sense 2

Noun (2)

1819, in the meaning defined above

Adjective

1681, in the meaning defined above

Noun (3)

14th century, in the meaning defined above

Verb (2)

15th century, in the meaning defined above

Time Traveler
The first known use of shock was in the 14th century

Phrases Containing shock

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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1998 COCA: 2298
shock

noun¹

 1extreme surprise震驚ADJECTIVE | VERB + SHOCK | SHOCK + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤awful, big, considerable, dreadful, great, huge, major, massive, nasty, real, rude, terrible, tremendous極度的震驚；可怕的衝擊；極大的震撼；巨大的打擊◇Drivers could be in for a nasty shock when they see the cost of renewing their insurance policies.看到續簽保險單的大筆費用，司機們都會嚇一大跳。➤absolute, complete, pure, total, utter (especially NAmE) 絕對的震驚；純粹的打擊；十足的震撼▸➤mild, slight輕微的驚愕▸➤first, initial最初的震驚◇Once the initial shock had worn off, I got to like my new hairstyle.我剛看到自己的新發型時有些震驚，後來就漸漸喜歡上了。➤sudden突如其來的震驚➤economic, emotional經濟上的／情感上的打擊▸➤culture文化衝擊◇It was a bit of a culture shock when I first came to this country.剛到這個國家時，我感受到了一些文化衝擊。➤sticker (NAmE) 標籤衝擊◇Customers may experience sticker shock when they see the prices of the new SUVs (= they may be shocked by the prices).顧客看到這部新型的運動型多功能車的定價時可能會大吃一驚。VERB + SHOCK➤come as令人震駭▸➤feel, get, have, receive感到震驚；受到震驚◇She felt shock that he would be capable of such an act.他竟然做出這樣的事情，這令她感到非常震驚。◇I got a terrible shock when I saw him.看到他我嚇了一大跳。➤give sb令某人大吃一驚▸➤be in for定會大吃一驚◇If you think it's going to be easy, you're in for a shock!如果你覺得這會很容易，你就等着大吃一驚吧！➤die of (informal) 嚇死◇I nearly died of shock when your mother appeared.你母親出現時差點兒沒把我嚇死。➤get over, recover from回過神來；震驚後恢復常態➤express表示震驚➤feign佯裝震驚➤imagine想像震驚◇Imagine my shock when I saw them kissing!你能想像看到他們接吻我有多麼吃驚！SHOCK + NOUN➤tactics突擊戰術➤value衝擊值；震驚作用◇The scene was clearly added for shock value.很明顯該鏡頭是為了增添震撼力。➤jock (informal, especially NAmE) 驚世駭俗的唱片節目主持人◇radio shock jock Howard Stern驚世駭俗的電台唱片節目主持人霍華德・斯特恩➤troops突擊部隊➤wave衝擊波；震盪◇The news sent shock waves through the financial markets. (figurative) 這條新聞對整個金融市場造成強烈衝擊。➤defeat, departure, exit (all BrE, sport體育) 突如其來的失敗／離開／退出◇United suffered a shock defeat to Norwich.曼聯隊意外輸給了諾維奇隊。➤result, victory, win (all BrE, sport體育) 突如其來的結果；突如其來的勝利➤announcement, decision, resignation (all BrE) 令人震驚的通知／決定／辭職PREPOSITION➤in shock驚愕地◇She looked around in shock.她驚愕地環顧四周。➤with a shock震驚地◇She realized with a sudden shock that she was being followed.她突然驚恐萬分地意識到自己被跟踪了。➤shock at, shock on⋯引起的震驚◇her shock on seeing him with another woman看到他和另一個女人在一起時她的震驚➤shock to令⋯震驚◇This news came as a great shock to me.這個消息令我感到非常震驚。PHRASES➤a bit of a shock, quite a shock, something of a shock有點兒令人震驚；頗讓人吃驚；有些令人震驚▸➤in a state of shock驚魂未定◇I think I'm still in a state of shock.我覺得我仍然未從震驚狀態中緩過神來。➤a feeling of shock, a sense of shock震驚感➤shock horror (BrE, humorous) 恐怖至極◇The article reports on a celebrity who－shock horror－has gained weight!這篇文章報道說一位名人發胖了 － 真是太恐怖了！➤the shock of your life (informal) 震驚至極◇I got the shock of my life when she told me she was pregnant.她告訴我說她懷孕了，我簡直驚呆了。➤a shock to the system (informal) 驚愕不已◇The low salaries came as something of a shock to her system.工資之低令她有些驚愕。
shock

noun²

 2electric shock電擊ADJECTIVE | VERB + SHOCK | SHOCK + NOUN ADJECTIVE➤massive, severe強烈的電擊▸➤mild輕微的電擊◇He gave himself a mild electric shock while changing a light bulb.換燈泡時他被稍稍電了一下。➤painful令人痛苦的電擊▸➤electric (less often electrical) 電擊VERB + SHOCK➤get, receive觸電▸➤give sb電擊某人➤administer實施電擊◇The guards would administer electric shocks to the inmates.看守經常會電擊囚犯。SHOCK + NOUN➤therapy電擊療法
shock

noun³

 3extreme weakness caused by injury or shock休克ADJECTIVE | VERB + SHOCK ADJECTIVE➤deep, severe深度／嚴重休克▸➤mild輕度休克▸➤delayed (especially BrE) 延遲性休克➤anaphylactic過敏性休克➤shell彈震症◇soldiers suffering from shell shock患彈震症的士兵VERB + SHOCK➤be in, be suffering from, suffer處於休克中◇He was in deep shock after the accident.事故造成他深度休克。➤go into陷入休克◇He had gone into shock and was shaking violently.他陷入休克狀態，全身劇烈顫抖。➤be treated for因休克接受治療
shock

verb

ADVERB | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤deeply, really使深為／使着實震驚◇The news had shocked her deeply.這消息令她深為震驚。➤easily輕易使⋯受震動◇He had old-fashioned ideas and was easily shocked.他思想保守，動不動就大驚小怪。PREPOSITION➤into使震驚至⋯◇The news shocked her into action.這則消息驚得她立即行動起來。

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