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spaded; spading
: to dig up or out or shape with or as if with a spade
: to use a spade
spader noun
Word History
Etymology
Noun (1)
Middle English, going back to Old English spadu, spædu, spade (plural spadan), going back to Germanic *spaðōn- (whence also Old Saxon spado "digging implement, spade," Old Frisian spada, early Modern German Spaten, Icelandic spaði), akin to Greek spáthē "any of various blade-like implements or objects," both going back to Indo-European *sph2-dh-, perhaps a suffixed derivative of the verbal base *speh2- "draw, pull out" — more at spasm
Note: Hittite išpann-, išpatar "spit, skewer" has also been compared, though according to Jaan Puhvel the stem would reflect *speh2-tr- rather than *speh2-dhr- (see Hittite Etymological Dictionary, vol. 1/2, pp. 450-51). Probably also relevant are Sanskrit sphya- "shoulder blade," Khotanese phvai "spade, shovel," perhaps reflecting *sph2-i-o- (for further Indo-Iranian forms see Manfred Mayrhofer, Kurzgefasstes etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen, 3. Band, p. 547; H.W. Bailey, Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, 1979, p. 264).
Verb
verbal derivative of spade entry 1
Noun (2)
Italian spada or Spanish espada broadsword; both from Latin spatha, from Greek spathē blade
First Known Use
Noun (1)
before the 12th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1
Verb
circa 1647, in the meaning defined at transitive sense
Noun (2)
circa 1598, in the meaning defined at sense 1b
Time Traveler
The first known use of spade was before the 12th century Phrases Containing spade
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