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extract

1 of 2

verb

ex·​tract ik-ˈstrakt How to pronounce extract (audio)
 usually in sense 5  ˈek-ˌstrakt
extracted; extracting; extracts

transitive verb

1
a
: to draw forth (as by research)
extract data
b
: to pull or take out forcibly
extracted a wisdom tooth
c
: to obtain by much effort from someone unwilling
extracted a confession
2
a
: to withdraw (something, such as a juice or a constituent element) by physical or chemical process
b
: to treat with a solvent so as to remove a soluble substance
3
: to separate (a metal) from an ore
4
: to determine (a mathematical root) by calculation
5
: to select (excerpts) and copy out or cite
extractability noun
extractable
ik-ˈstrak-tə-bəl How to pronounce extract (audio)
ˈek-ˌstrak-
adjective

extract

2 of 2

noun

ex·​tract ˈek-ˌstrakt How to pronounce extract (audio)
1
: a selection from a writing or discourse : excerpt
2
: a product (such as an essence or concentrate) prepared by extracting
especially : a solution (as in alcohol) of essential constituents of a complex material (such as meat or an aromatic plant)

Did you know?

Do you exact or extract revenge?

The verb exact (as in, "exacting revenge" or "exacting a promise") is not as commonly encountered as the adjective exact, (as in "an exact copy" or "exact measurements"). Sometimes people will mistakenly use the more common verb extract when they really want exact. Extract can refer to removing something by pulling or cutting or to getting information from someone who does not want to give it. While both words refer to getting something they are used in different ways. You extract a tooth, but you exact revenge.

Did you know?

The Crisscrossing Histories of Abstract and Extract

Abstract is most frequently used as an adjective (“abstract ideas”) and a noun (“an abstract of the article”), but its somewhat less common use as a verb in English helps to clarify its Latin roots. The verb abstract is used to mean “summarize,” as in “abstracting an academic paper.” This meaning is a figurative derivative of the verb’s meanings “to remove” or “to separate.”

We trace the origins of abstract to the combination of the Latin roots ab-, a prefix meaning “from” or “away,” with the verb trahere, meaning “to pull” or “to draw.” The result was the Latin verb abstrahere, which meant “to remove forcibly” or “to drag away.” Its past participle abstractus had the meanings “removed,” “secluded,” “incorporeal,” and, ultimately, “summarized,” meanings which came to English from Medieval Latin.

Interestingly, the word passed from Latin into French with competing spellings as both abstract (closer to the Latin) and abstrait (which reflected the French form of abstrahere, abstraire), the spelling retained in modern French.

The idea of “removing” or “pulling away” connects abstract to extract, which stems from Latin through the combination of trahere with the prefix ex-, meaning “out of” or “away from.” Extract forms a kind of mirror image of abstract: more common as a verb, but also used as a noun and adjective. The adjective, meaning “derived or descended,” is now obsolete, as is a sense of the noun that overlapped with abstract, “summary.” The words intersected and have separated in modern English, but it’s easy to see that abstract applies to something that has been summarized, and summarized means “extracted from a larger work.”

Choose the Right Synonym for extract

educe, evoke, elicit, extract, extort mean to draw out something hidden, latent, or reserved.

educe implies the bringing out of something potential or latent.

educed order out of chaos

evoke implies a strong stimulus that arouses an emotion or an interest or recalls an image or memory.

a song that evokes warm memories

elicit usually implies some effort or skill in drawing forth a response.

careful questioning elicited the truth

extract implies the use of force or pressure in obtaining answers or information.

extracted a confession from him

extort suggests a wringing or wresting from one who resists strongly.

extorted their cooperation by threatening to inform

Example Sentences

Verb He extracted a credit card from his wallet. I had to have a tooth extracted. The tumor was surgically extracted. We finally extracted a confession from him. Investigators were able to extract useful information from the company's financial records. They are hoping to extract new insights from the test results. The machines extract the juice from the apples. oil extracted from sunflower seeds venom extracted from poisonous snakes Noun The recipe calls for a tablespoon of vanilla extract. the anthology includes a long extract from the epic poem See More
Recent Examples on the Web
Verb
On Monday, city officials announced that one of its four major dams had reached a level so low that barges trying to extract water sucked in mud instead. Ryan Brown, Washington Post, 19 June 2022 As of this writing, Fulbright is still trying to extract insights on Betelgeuse from the GOES-R data and is grappling with burdensome unit conversions and pixel resizing required for the task. Allison Gasparini, Scientific American, 17 June 2022 Hough claimed Petty raped her decades earlier and that both of them had intimidated her not to speak out about it; Minaj and Petty have strongly denied the accusations and say Hough is trying to extract a settlement from wealthy celebrities. Bill Donahue, Billboard, 12 Apr. 2022 Cincinnati Bengals tight end Drew Sample and his wife, Angelina, are trying to extract family members from Ukraine, as Russia's invasion into the country extends into its second week. Lorenzo Reyes, USA TODAY, 7 Mar. 2022 Even with Quinerly on the floor, Alabama faced a halftime deficit and Oats was still trying to extract energy from his team. Mike Rodak | Mrodak@al.com, al, 26 Feb. 2022 Musk has been attempting for months to try and extract himself from the takeover of Twitter, initially claiming that the company’s user figures are inflated by millions of robot accounts. Chris Dolmetsch, Fortune, 30 Aug. 2022 Granted, societal greed has reached epic proportions, but accepting the idea that invitations are issued only to extract presents is too cynical even for Miss Manners. Jacobina Martin, Washington Post, 26 Aug. 2022 That’s on top of 150-year old rules that currently govern hardrock mining and allow mining companies not to pay royalties to extract minerals on federal lands. Kate Aronoff, The New Republic, 23 Aug. 2022
Noun
This is whole-plant extract that helps reduce anxiety, improve sleep, and relieve inflammatory pain. Chris Hachey, BGR, 28 July 2022 Around 2019, hemp manufacturers figured out how to produce a cannabis extract called Delta-8, which has some psychoactive properties, kind of like THC. Michael Taylor, San Antonio Express-News, 27 July 2022 Hemp seed oil is a different extract altogether and does not contain CBD or any of the other healthful compounds associated with CBD oil. Michael Wright | For Cbdfx, The Salt Lake Tribune, 15 July 2022 Most all of our medicines are a single extract from a plant found in nature, or fungi. Steve Volk, Rolling Stone, 22 June 2022 The sunflower seed extract in this formula prevents color from being stripped while delivering moisture to dried out strands. Harper's Bazaar Staff, Harper's BAZAAR, 30 Aug. 2022 Pumpkin seed extract and saw palmetto are just some of the many superstar ingredients that help increase scalp circulation, remove scalp buildup, and bulk up fine strands. Sophie Dweck, Town & Country, 23 Aug. 2022 The lineup includes this Lip Treatment Oil that uses a blend of baobab seed extract and hyaluronic acid for intense moisture and stick-free shine. Kiana Murden, Vogue, 10 June 2022 This unique formula includes dill seed extract to help diminish the look of lines and wrinkles. Grooming Playbook, The Salt Lake Tribune, 9 June 2022 See More

Word History

Etymology

Verb

Middle English, from Latin extractus, past participle of extrahere, from ex- + trahere to draw

First Known Use

Verb

15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a

Noun

15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of extract was in the 15th century

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