The word complex lives up to its name, as it contains multiple parts of speech and senses. It serves as an adjective, a noun, and, less commonly, as a verb. The verb use is the oldest of the three, with an original meaning of “to join or unite.” Complex comes from the Latin complecti, which means “to entwine around, to embrace,” a word that is based in part on plectere (“to braid”). English has a number of other words that can be traced to plectere, including perplex, plexus (“an intricately interwoven combination of elements or parts in a cohering structure”), and amplexus (“the mating embrace of some amphibians, such as frogs and toads”).
complex suggests the unavoidable result of a necessary combining and does not imply a fault or failure.
a complex recipe
complicated applies to what offers great difficulty in understanding, solving, or explaining.
complicated legal procedures
intricate suggests such interlacing of parts as to make it nearly impossible to follow or grasp them separately.
an intricate web of deceit
involved implies extreme complication and often disorder.
a rambling, involved explanation
knotty suggests complication and entanglement that make solution or understanding improbable.
knotty ethical questions
Example Sentences
Noun She has a complex about her appearance. a complex of protein molecules Adjective The house's wiring is complex. The situation is more complex than you realize. Verb there's no need to complex what should be a simple process for obtaining a building permit
Recent Examples on the Web
Noun
On Monday, after shelling started a fire on the grounds of the complex, the plant was disconnected from the power grid. Eric Nagourney, BostonGlobe.com, 6 Sep. 2022 At least three officers then carried Lewis out by his arms and legs and eventually placed him on the ground of the apartment complex.CBS News, 1 Sep. 2022 There have been at least four escapes this year, as well as a riot in which 20 juveniles took over parts of the complex. From Usa Today Network And Wire Reports, USA TODAY, 26 Aug. 2022 Department officials filed redactions to the documents shortly before the noon Thursday deadline set by U.S. Magistrate Judge Bruce Reinhart, who approved the warrant for the Aug. 8 search of the complex in West Palm Beach, Fla. Sadie Gurman, WSJ, 25 Aug. 2022 There were other problems: a cyclone struck the structure just one week before opening, damaging beyond repair a freshwater pool that was part of the complex. Jacopo Prisco, CNN, 22 Aug. 2022 The skilled workers and company executives tended to live in South Pullman, while the unskilled workers were funneled to the north side of the complex, Olomoniyi said. Paul Eisenberg, Chicago Tribune, 21 Aug. 2022 Around mid-pandemic in 2020, McConnell said Shiffer moved out of the apartment complex with aspirations to go out West. Scott Wartman, The Enquirer, 12 Aug. 2022 According to a news release, Draper detectives continue to speak with witnesses and residents of the apartment complex as the case remains under investigation. Scott D. Pierce, The Salt Lake Tribune, 11 Aug. 2022
Adjective
Oxenberg says that life inside a royal family is always more complex behind the scenes. Alexis Jones, Peoplemag, 11 Sep. 2022 The Rhoden family history was complex before this tragedy. Bob Strickley, The Enquirer, 9 Sep. 2022 The financing that makes up the wealth behind the crown is complex. Bailey Schulz, USA TODAY, 8 Sep. 2022 But while some employers might write that off as overconfidence from an inexperienced applicant, the reality is a bit more complex. Chris Morris, Fortune, 8 Sep. 2022 Their crust is complex, lightly soured with the ideal chew-to-crunch ratio, and topped with equal parts care and exuberance. The Bon Appétit Staff & Contributors, Bon Appétit, 8 Sep. 2022 Tackling the entire world’s inner workings as a topic means that the solutions are necessarily going to be more complex. Carole Horst, Variety, 8 Sep. 2022 Beyond that, finding the line between what is and isn’t appropriate is complex.WIRED, 8 Sep. 2022 Even though the rail line’s second phase was expected to be far less complex than the first, contractors quickly ran into problems. Justin George, Washington Post, 8 Sep. 2022 See More
Word History
Etymology
Noun
borrowed from Latin complexus "embrace, grasp, inclusion" (Late Latin also, "whole, entirety") from complector, complectī "to embrace, grasp, encompass, include" + -tus, suffix of action nouns; (sense 2b (1)) after German Komplex — more at complex entry 2
Adjective
borrowed from Late Latin complexus "composite, connected, intertwined," going back to Latin, past participle of complector, complectī "to embrace, grasp, encompass, include," from com-com- + -plectī, deponent form of plectere "to plait, twine" — more at ply entry 3