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caste

noun

ˈkast How to pronounce caste (audio)
 also  ˈkäst
1
: one of the hereditary social classes in Hinduism that restrict the occupation of their members and their association with the members of other castes
2
a
: a division of society based on differences of wealth, inherited rank or privilege, profession, occupation, or race
b
: the position conferred by caste standing : prestige
art and religion have lost caste F. L. Baumer
3
: a system of rigid social stratification characterized by hereditary status, endogamy, and social barriers sanctioned by custom, law, or religion
4
: a specialized form (such as the worker of an ant or bee) of a polymorphic social insect that carries out a particular function in the colony
soldier castes for fighting enemy ants
casteism noun

Example Sentences

He was from a higher caste. a member of the upper caste
Recent Examples on the Web These discussions revolved around the systemic injustice faced by people from the lower-caste Dalit community even thousands of miles away from their homeland. Manavi Kapur, Quartz, 3 June 2022 Soundararajan appealed directly to Google CEO Sundar Pichai, who comes from an upper-caste family in India, to allow her presentation to go forward. Nitasha Tiku, Washington Post, 2 June 2022 In most cases, the fact that New York’s wealthy elite abandoned entire neighborhoods left the poor and low-caste to create new cultural forms that invigorated the city. New York Times, 1 June 2022 Gender, age, caste and socioeconomic status all determine who gets care, Menon says. Jyoti Madhusoodanan, Scientific American, 19 May 2022 The prelate, 60, is the first member of the Dalit community, considered the lowest rung of India’s caste system, to become a cardinal. Frances D'emilio, al, 27 Aug. 2022 The prelate, 60, is the first member of the Dalit community, considered the lowest rung of India's caste system, to become a cardinal. Frances D'emilio, BostonGlobe.com, 27 Aug. 2022 Dalits are members of a bunch of traditional social groups deemed so low that they were not even considered part of the caste system. Ananya Bhattacharya, Quartz, 16 Aug. 2022 The classroom caste system of fashion has always been around. Petula Dvorak, Washington Post, 25 July 2022 See More

Word History

Etymology

borrowed from Portuguese casta "breed, lineage, family, hereditary social class in India," of uncertain origin

Note: Portuguese casta has exact counterparts in Spanish and Catalan casta, none of which are attested before the fifteenth century. The word has traditionally been taken as descending from a feminine noun derivative of Latin castus "free from (the thing named), untainted by vice, pure" (see chaste), though this etymology has been resisted by Joan Coromines, who points out that the earliest uses do not imply purity (see Diccionario crítico etymológico castellano e hispánico, s.v.). The phrase hacer casta (hacer "to do, make") means "to breed (animals)"—likewise, the phrase para casta "for breeding." The word would seem to refer to both the act of breeding and the succession of things bred. Coromines is surely correct in noting that Latin castus has influenced the later semantic development of casta. However, his hypothesis that an unattested Gothic word cognate with Old Icelandic kǫs, kǫstr "heap, pile" is the source of Iberian Romance casta is not convincing, The senses of the English noun cast entry 2 that he sees as most relevant, such as "a set of characters or persons" or "characteristic quality," are all late developments from the verb meaning "to throw" and can scarcely be traced back to proto-Germanic.

First Known Use

1613, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of caste was in 1613

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