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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4096 COCA: 5147

breakdown
breakdown /ˈbreɪkˌdaʊn/ noun
plural breakdowns
breakdown
/ˈbreɪkˌdaʊn/
noun
plural breakdowns
Learner's definition of BREAKDOWN
1 
: a failure of a machine to function : an occurrence in which a machine (such as a car) stops working（机器的）损坏，故障
[count]
[noncount]
2 
a  [count] : the failure of a relationship or of an effort to discuss something（关系的）破裂；（商讨的）失败
b  : a failure that prevents a system from working properly（系统的）瘫痪，崩溃
[count]
[noncount]
3 
[count] : a sudden failure of mental or physical health that makes someone unable to live normally（精神或身体健康的）衰竭，崩溃
— see also nervous breakdown
4 
: the process or result of showing the different parts of something in order to understand it more clearly分类；明细
[count]
[noncount]
5 
[noncount] : the process or result of separating a substance into simpler parts分解
— see also break down at 1break
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4096 COCA: 5147

breakdown

1 of 2

noun

break·​down ˈbrāk-ˌdau̇n How to pronounce breakdown (audio)
1
: the action or result of breaking down: such as
a
: a failure to function
preventing a breakdown of the health-care system
b
: failure to progress or have effect : disintegration
a breakdown of negotiations
c
medicine : a complete loss of physical, mental, or emotional vitality : a physical, mental, or nervous collapse
d
: the process of decomposing
the breakdown of water into hydrogen and oxygen
cellular breakdown
e
: division into categories
a statistical breakdown of data
: classification
also : an account analyzed into categories
a budget breakdown
2
: a fast shuffling dance
also : music for such a dance

break down

2 of 2

verb

broke down; broken down; breaking down; breaks down

transitive verb

1
a
: to cause to fall or collapse by breaking or shattering
b
: to make ineffective
break down legal barriers
2
a
: to divide into parts or categories
b
: to separate (something, such as a chemical compound) into simpler substances : decompose
c
: to take apart especially for storage or shipment and for later reassembling

intransitive verb

1
a
: to stop functioning because of breakage or wear
b
: to become inoperative or ineffective : fail
negotiations broke down
c
: to fail in strength or vitality
her health broke down
d
: to succumb to mental or emotional stress
broke down and cried
e
: to lose one's resolve : give in
finally broke down and bought a computer
2
of horses : to severely injure the supporting ligament or bones of the fetlock joint
3
a
: to be susceptible to or undergo analysis or subdivision
the statistics break down like this
b
: to undergo decomposition

Synonyms

Noun

Verb

Choose the Right Synonym for breakdown

analyze, dissect, break down mean to divide a complex whole into its parts or elements.

analyze suggests separating or distinguishing the component parts of something (such as a substance, a process, a situation) so as to discover its true nature or inner relationships.

analyzed the collected data

dissect suggests a searching analysis by laying bare parts or pieces for individual scrutiny.

commentators dissected every word of the speech

break down implies a reducing to simpler parts or divisions.

break down the budget

Example Sentences

Noun The factory has had frequent equipment breakdowns. Both sides are to blame for the breakdown in communication. The irretrievable breakdown of a marriage can be grounds for divorce. trying to prevent a breakdown of the health-care system trying to prevent breakdown of the health-care system He suffered a breakdown after his wife died. Verb when presented with the pile of files, the first thing he did was to break them down by month, order within the month, and region the enamel of a human tooth will begin to break down when exposed to sugar for too long See More
Recent Examples on the Web
Noun
Without watching the film, Burrow was unable to give a breakdown of each of his four interceptions. The Enquirer, 12 Sep. 2022 Laura Rutledge hosts the show, her sixth season in the host’s chair and her seventh on the show, and will be joined by Finebaum, Roman Harper, Jordan Rodgers and Tim Tebow for a weekly breakdown of the SEC football action to come. Mark Heim | Mheim@al.com, al, 12 Sep. 2022 The Patriots have scheduled media availability for Jones on Monday, when Belichick also does a customary postgame day breakdown, so the news might not be all bad. Tara Sullivan, BostonGlobe.com, 11 Sep. 2022 Here is tonight’s breakdown with Super 16 rankings. And Staff Reports, Orlando Sentinel, 9 Sep. 2022 Her sister Camille Linton said in a letter to the court that Nicole Linton‘s studies to be a nurse anesthetist caused her first mental health breakdown. Gregory Yee, Los Angeles Times, 9 Sep. 2022 At the end of June, production at Venezuela’s second largest oil refinery, the Paraguana Refining Center in the western state of Falcon, ceased after a breakdown and resumed on Aug. 22, beyond the 21 days originally scheduled. The Christian Science Monitor, 8 Sep. 2022 There’s a breakdown of listening to each other’s thoughts on cinema and respecting that opinion. Pat Saperstein, Variety, 8 Sep. 2022 See a more detailed breakdown of the line of succession here. Rosa Sanchez, Harper's BAZAAR, 8 Sep. 2022
Verb
The stickers had to be changed and moved daily so patients’ skin didn’t break down. Jessica Bartlett, BostonGlobe.com, 9 Sep. 2022 More immediately, governments are taking steps to ensure power markets don’t break down. Joe Wallace, WSJ, 5 Sep. 2022 And with a lot of people picking Ohio State and Alabama to make the national title game, Doug and Shehan break down and debate the talent comparison between the two teams. Doug Lesmerises, cleveland, 2 Sep. 2022 The Instant Pot Max Pressure Cooker stands out thanks to its Nutriboost technology, which creates a boiling motion during pressure cooking that helps break down and add flavor to foods. Brittany Natale, SELF, 29 Aug. 2022 Zatko raises other allegations in his complaint, including claiming that there are potentially multiple foreign spies working at Twitter and that the platform is so insecure that supposedly Twitter could break down permanently any day. Ashley Belanger, Ars Technica, 23 Aug. 2022 Gas experts break down costs from state to state WILL GAS PRICES CONTINUE TO FALL? Bailey Schulz, USA TODAY, 17 Aug. 2022 However, Patel assured that while ideally the straws would be composted so they can be reused for energy, the straws will still break down in a landfill. Elliot Lewis, NBC News, 30 July 2022 Its enzymes first break down the wood chips, then any toxins that exist in the soil. William Ralston, Wired, 26 July 2022 See More

Word History

First Known Use

Noun

1827, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Verb

14th century, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 1a

Time Traveler
The first known use of breakdown was in the 14th century

Phrases Containing breakdown
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4096 COCA: 5147
breakdown

noun¹

 1mechanical failure機械故障ADJECTIVE | BREAKDOWN + VERB | BREAKDOWN + NOUN ADJECTIVE➤mechanical機械故障BREAKDOWN + VERB➤occur故障發生BREAKDOWN + NOUN➤service (BrE) 故障修理機構◇Most breakdown services give priority to women travelling alone.大多數故障救險組織優先救援獨自旅行的女性。➤truck, vehicle (both BrE) 搶修車；救險車➤lane (NAmE) 故障檢修道
breakdown

noun²

 2failure/end of sth失敗；告終ADJECTIVE | VERB + BREAKDOWN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤serious嚴重破裂▸➤complete, irretrievable, total徹底瓦解；不可挽回的破裂◇the irretrievable breakdown of the marriage不可挽回的破裂婚姻➤communication, family, marital, marriage, relationship, social交流中斷；家庭破裂；婚姻破裂；關係破裂；社會瓦解VERB + BREAKDOWN➤cause, lead to引起破裂；導致瓦解➤prevent防止破裂PREPOSITION➤breakdown in, breakdown of⋯的破裂◇a breakdown in negotiations談判破裂
breakdown

noun³

 3collapse of mental health精神崩潰ADJECTIVE | VERB + BREAKDOWN | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤emotional, mental, nervous, psychological感情崩潰；精神崩潰；心理崩潰▸➤complete, serious徹底／嚴重崩潰VERB + BREAKDOWN➤have, suffer精神崩潰PHRASES➤the brink of a nervous breakdown, the edge of a nervous breakdown, the verge of a nervous breakdown精神崩潰的邊緣◇The stress of her job had brought her to the brink of a nervous breakdown.工作的壓力讓她幾乎精神崩潰。
breakdown

noun⁴

 4list of the details of sth細節清單ADJECTIVE | VERB + BREAKDOWN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤detailed, full詳盡的明細表▸➤cost成本明細表➤statistical數據明細VERB + BREAKDOWN➤prepare做明細表◇I have prepared a detailed cost breakdown for the project.我已給這個項目做了一個詳細的成本明細表。➤give sb, provide (sb with)（給某人）提供明細表PREPOSITION➤breakdown by, breakdown of按照⋯的明細表；⋯的明細表◇Please provide us with a breakdown of expenditure by department.請給我們一份各部門開支的明細表。

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