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mitochondrion
noun
mi·to·chon·dri·on ˌmī-tə-ˈkän-drē-ən 
plural mitochondria ˌmī-tə-ˈkän-drē-ə
: any of various round or long cellular organelles of most eukaryotes that are found outside the nucleus, produce energy for the cell through cellular respiration, and are rich in fats, proteins, and enzymes see cell illustration
Example Sentences
Recent Examples on the Web The study propelled Chandel, then at the University of Chicago, and his colleagues to examine whether mitochondria could release other signals as well. 
Quanta Magazine, 18 Mar. 2019 For decades, researchers have known that mitochondria are derived from bacteria that became internal symbionts of archaeal cells, but details of how that happened have been sketchy. Quanta Magazine, 9 Apr. 2019 But the researchers think that the absence of a functioning mitochondrion might be linked to the peculiar environment where the parasite lives — fish muscle. Veronique Greenwood, New York Times, 28 Feb. 2020 The mitochondria are like factories that manufacture ATP. Joshua Selsby, CNN, 27 Nov. 2019 This is not the first time researchers have found creatures that have ditched their mitochondria. Veronique Greenwood, New York Times, 28 Feb. 2020 The mitochondria are the remains of what were once free-living bacteria, incorporated inside the cell and adapted for the production of the chemical energy source ATP. John Timmer, Ars Technica, 26 Feb. 2020 The mitochondria are like factories that manufacture ATP. Joshua Selsby, CNN, 27 Nov. 2019 In L’Engle’s world, even something as microscopic as a mitochondrion can have cosmic significance, and a child can save the universe. Ruth Franklin, The New York Review of Books, 25 Feb. 2020 See More
Quanta Magazine, 18 Mar. 2019 For decades, researchers have known that mitochondria are derived from bacteria that became internal symbionts of archaeal cells, but details of how that happened have been sketchy. Quanta Magazine, 9 Apr. 2019 But the researchers think that the absence of a functioning mitochondrion might be linked to the peculiar environment where the parasite lives — fish muscle. Veronique Greenwood, New York Times, 28 Feb. 2020 The mitochondria are like factories that manufacture ATP. Joshua Selsby, CNN, 27 Nov. 2019 This is not the first time researchers have found creatures that have ditched their mitochondria. Veronique Greenwood, New York Times, 28 Feb. 2020 The mitochondria are the remains of what were once free-living bacteria, incorporated inside the cell and adapted for the production of the chemical energy source ATP. John Timmer, Ars Technica, 26 Feb. 2020 The mitochondria are like factories that manufacture ATP. Joshua Selsby, CNN, 27 Nov. 2019 In L’Engle’s world, even something as microscopic as a mitochondrion can have cosmic significance, and a child can save the universe. Ruth Franklin, The New York Review of Books, 25 Feb. 2020 See More Word History
Etymology
borrowed from German (in plural Mitochondria), from Greek mítos "length of thread, cord used to separate warp threads" (of uncertain origin) + -o- -o- + chóndrion "granule," diminutive of chóndros "grain, groats" — more at chondro-
Note: Term introduced by the German microbiologist Carl Benda (1857-1932) in "Ueber die Spermatogenese der Vertebraten und höherer Evertebraten: II. Theil: Die Histiogenese der Spermien" [XVII. Sitzung am 29. Juli 1898], Archiv für Anatomie und Physiologie - Physiologische Abtheilung, Jahrgang 1898, p. 397: "Sie liegen innerhalb eines Theiles der Protoplasmafäden, bisweilen zu besonderen Körpern gehäuft, und sind wenigsten mit einem Theil der bereits bekannten Zellmikrosomen identisch, aber unterschieden von den Altmann'schen und Ehrlich'schen Granulationen. Ich möchte vorläufig vorschlagen, ihnen als Mitochondria eine besondere Stellung vorzubehalten, die ich in weiteren Arbeiten begründen werde." ("They lie within of a portion of the protoplasmic threads, sometimes aggregated to particular bodies, and are identical to at least part of the already known cell microsomes, but differ from Altmann's and Ehrlich's granulations. I would like to suggest tentatively reserving for them a special status as mitochondria, which I will substantiate in further work.")
First Known Use
1901, in the meaning defined above
Time Traveler
The first known use of mitochondrion was in 1901 👨🏻🏫 Mr. Ng 韋氏詞典 📚 – mw.mister5️⃣.net
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