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TOEFL BNC: 19553 COCA: 16108

gruff

1 of 2

adjective

1
: rough, brusque, or stern in manner, speech, or aspect
a gruff reply
2
: being deep and harsh : hoarse
a gruff voice
gruffly adverb
gruffness noun

gruff

2 of 2

verb

gruffed; gruffing; gruffs

transitive verb

: to utter in a gruff voice or manner
"Get out of bed now!" gruffed the sergeant.
Choose the Right Synonym for gruff

bluff, blunt, brusque, curt, crusty, gruff mean abrupt and unceremonious in speech and manner.

bluff connotes good-natured outspokenness and unconventionality.

a bluff manner

blunt suggests directness of expression in disregard of others' feelings.

a blunt appraisal

brusque applies to a sharpness or ungraciousness.

a brusque response

curt implies disconcerting shortness or rude conciseness.

a curt command

crusty suggests a harsh or surly manner sometimes concealing an inner kindliness.

a crusty exterior

gruff suggests a hoarse or husky speech which may imply bad temper but more often implies embarrassment or shyness.

puts on a gruff pose

Example Sentences

Adjective Don't be fooled by his gruff manner—he's really very kind. He spoke in a gruff voice.
Recent Examples on the Web
Adjective
The show entailed a fictional character named Dr. Gregory House that was gruff, insufferable, and quite unconventional, yet he was portrayed as a medical genius that could ferret out the most obscure of diseases and ailments. Lance Eliot, Forbes, 3 Aug. 2022 Yet, that polished and elegant shape is offset by the gruff sturdiness of that all-American, Eminem-core denim. Liana Satenstein, Vogue, 29 June 2022 Cavanaugh is an old-school coach who can appear a bit gruff. Michelle Gardner, The Arizona Republic, 27 June 2022 Gee’s voice is gruff and his delivery is breathless, each line dense with drug-deal detail and matter-of-fact tales of murder. Chris Kelly, Washington Post, 1 June 2022 Hernandez was a gruff old guy, and a heavy drinker, but Anarchy Row is a relatively welcoming place. Eric Lach, The New Yorker, 23 June 2022 Some of the most poignant scenes portray the unlikely friendship that develops between Issam and Frank (Mark Camacho), the family’s initially gruff sponsor. Vanessa H. Larson, Washington Post, 9 June 2022 Paul Folkestad, another chef instructor at Western Culinary, said Brophy’s gruff exterior alienated some students, while others cherished him. oregonlive, 28 May 2022 Tuscans have a reputation for being rough and gruff, and Collodi—habitually wry, sardonic, iconoclastic—was an excellent representative of his province. Joan Acocella, The New Yorker, 6 June 2022
Verb
Devs, normally gruff with his postgame talks, couldn’t hide his pleasure. James Hookway, WSJ, 16 May 2022 Pompeo, often gruff in interactions with reporters, is a skilled retail politician and, although not a soaring orator, is adept at holding an audience’s attention. David M. Drucker, Washington Examiner, 2 Mar. 2021 See More

Word History

Etymology

Adjective

Dutch grof; akin to Old High German grob coarse, hruf scurf — more at dandruff

Verb

derivative of gruff entry 1

First Known Use

Adjective

1691, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Verb

1706, in the meaning defined above

Time Traveler
The first known use of gruff was in 1691

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