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catastrophe
noun
ca·tas·tro·phe kə-ˈta-strə-(ˌ)fē 
plural catastrophes
Did you know?
When English speakers first borrowed the Greek word katastrophē (from katastrephein, meaning "to overturn") as catastrophe in the 1500s, they used it for the conclusion or final event of a dramatic work, especially of a tragedy. In time, catastrophe came to be used more generally of any unhappy conclusion, or disastrous or ruinous end. By the mid-18th century, it was being used to denote truly devastating events, such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Finally, it came to be applied to things that are only figuratively catastrophic—burnt dinners, lost luggage, really bad movies, etc.
Example Sentences
The oil spill was an environmental catastrophe. Experts fear a humanitarian catastrophe if food isn't delivered to the refugees soon. an area on the brink of catastrophe
Recent Examples on the Web To look at any single wildfire catastrophe is to grasp the huge number of factors that planners and residents must confront both beforehand and in the moment. 
Ingfei Chen, The New Yorker, 6 Sep. 2022 This is an ongoing American health catastrophe that will draw significant and increasing investment and revenue for basic and clinical research, health care, disability expenses and advocacy. Protecting the vulnerable. Steven Phillips, STAT, 6 Sep. 2022 European governments are racing to stave off a ballooning energy catastrophe this winter that’s threatening to dwarf the billions of euros of relief on offer for consumers and businesses. BostonGlobe.com, 5 Sep. 2022 Correspondent Susan Spencer talks with documentary filmmakers Ken Burns, Lynn Novick and Sarah Botstein about the ways in which America failed – politically and institutionally – during a seismic humanitarian catastrophe. CBS News, 1 Sep. 2022 Today, Defund the FBI slogans and their affect on this fall's midterms, plus devastating climate catastrophe in Pakistan and more. Taylor Wilson, USA TODAY, 30 Aug. 2022 Last week, fighting in the area temporarily disconnected the plant from Ukraine’s power grid for the first time in its 40-year history, with President Volodymyr Zelenskyy saying the incident left the world narrowly avoiding a radiation catastrophe. Josh Lederman, NBC News, 29 Aug. 2022 But most observers, including water managers, states, cities and farmers, agree that without action, Lake Powell is heading toward catastrophe. Zak Podmore, The Salt Lake Tribune, 29 Aug. 2022 In the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident, the world's worst atomic energy catastrophe, radiation spread from Ukraine to several neighboring countries. Arkansas Online, 29 Aug. 2022 See More
Ingfei Chen, The New Yorker, 6 Sep. 2022 This is an ongoing American health catastrophe that will draw significant and increasing investment and revenue for basic and clinical research, health care, disability expenses and advocacy. Protecting the vulnerable. Steven Phillips, STAT, 6 Sep. 2022 European governments are racing to stave off a ballooning energy catastrophe this winter that’s threatening to dwarf the billions of euros of relief on offer for consumers and businesses. BostonGlobe.com, 5 Sep. 2022 Correspondent Susan Spencer talks with documentary filmmakers Ken Burns, Lynn Novick and Sarah Botstein about the ways in which America failed – politically and institutionally – during a seismic humanitarian catastrophe. CBS News, 1 Sep. 2022 Today, Defund the FBI slogans and their affect on this fall's midterms, plus devastating climate catastrophe in Pakistan and more. Taylor Wilson, USA TODAY, 30 Aug. 2022 Last week, fighting in the area temporarily disconnected the plant from Ukraine’s power grid for the first time in its 40-year history, with President Volodymyr Zelenskyy saying the incident left the world narrowly avoiding a radiation catastrophe. Josh Lederman, NBC News, 29 Aug. 2022 But most observers, including water managers, states, cities and farmers, agree that without action, Lake Powell is heading toward catastrophe. Zak Podmore, The Salt Lake Tribune, 29 Aug. 2022 In the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident, the world's worst atomic energy catastrophe, radiation spread from Ukraine to several neighboring countries. Arkansas Online, 29 Aug. 2022 See More Word History
Etymology
Greek katastrophē, from katastrephein to overturn, from kata- + strephein to turn
First Known Use
1540, in the meaning defined at sense 4
Time Traveler
The first known use of catastrophe was in 1540 Phrases Containing catastrophe
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