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BNC: 394 COCA: 449

themselves

themselves /ðɛmˈsɛlvz/ pronoun
themselves
/ðɛmˈsɛlvz/
pronoun
Learner's definition of THEMSELVES
: those same people, animals, or things他们自己;她们自己;它们自己:
used as the object of a verb or preposition to refer to people, animals, or things that have already been mentioned(他们、她们或它们)自己(用作动词或介词的宾语,指前文提及的人、动物或事物)
used for emphasis to refer again to people, animals, or things that have already been mentioned(他们、她们或它们)自己,亲自(用于再次强调前文提及的人、动物或事物)
: himself or herselfused to refer to a single person whose sex is not known or specified他自己,她自己(用于指性别不详的某个人)
: their normal or healthy selves(他们、她们或它们的)正常(或健康)状态

by themselves

: without any help from other people独立地
: with nobody else : alone单独地
BNC: 394 COCA: 449

themselves

plural pronoun

them·​selves
t͟həm-ˈselvz,
t͟hem- How to pronounce themselves (audio)
1
a
: those identical ones that are they compare they sense 1
used reflexively, for emphasis, or in absolute constructions
nations that govern themselvesthey themselves were presentthemselves busy, they disliked idleness in others
b
: himself or herself : himself, herself
used with an indefinite third person singular antecedent
nobody can call themselves oppressed Leonard Wibberley
2
: their normal, healthy, or sane condition
were themselves again after a night's rest
Can they be used as an indefinite subject?: Usage Guide

They used as an indefinite subject (sense 2) is sometimes objected to on the grounds that it does not have an antecedent. Not every pronoun requires an antecedent, however. The indefinite they is used in all varieties of contexts and is standard.

Can they, their, them, and themselves be used as singular pronouns?: Usage Guide

They, their, them, themselves: English lacks a common-gender third person singular pronoun that can be used to refer to indefinite pronouns (such as everyone, anyone, someone). Writers and speakers have supplied this lack by using the plural pronouns.

and every one to rest themselves betake William Shakespeare
I would have everybody marry if they can do it properly Jane Austen
it is too hideous for anyone in their senses to buy W. H. Auden

The plural pronouns have also been put to use as pronouns of indefinite number to refer to singular nouns that stand for many persons.

'tis meet that some more audience than a mother, since nature makes them partial, should o'erhear the speech William Shakespeare
a person can't help their birth W. M. Thackeray
no man goes to battle to be killed.—But they do get killed G. B. Shaw

The use of they, their, them, and themselves as pronouns of indefinite gender and indefinite number is well established in speech and writing, even in literary and formal contexts. In recent years, these pronouns have also been adopted by individuals whose gender identity is nonbinary, as illustrated in sense 3d above.

Word History

First Known Use

13th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a

Time Traveler
The first known use of themselves was in the 13th century
BNC: 394 COCA: 449

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