With its prefix re-, meaning "back", retribution means literally "payback". And indeed we usually use it when talking about personal revenge, whether it's retribution for an insult in a high-school corridor or retribution for a guerrilla attack on a government building. But retribution isn't always so personal: God takes "divine retribution" on humans several times in the Old Testament, especially in the great Flood that wipes out almost the entire human race. And retribution for criminal acts, usually in the form of a prison sentence, is taken by the state, not the victims.
The elastic-faced Ruck is a real find: his Cameron is a guilt-ridden, father-dominated nerd almost paralyzed with fear of parental retribution. David Ansen, Newsweek, 16 June 1986The two purposes that sustain the death penalty … in the Court's view are general deterrence and retribution. Thurgood Marshall, Gregg v. Georgia, 1976" … As for Cordelia, she went insane with remorse and was shut up in a lunatic asylum. I thought that was a poetical retribution for her crime." Lucy Maud Montgomery, Anne of Green Gables, 1908 The killer acted without fear of retribution. the neighborhood is being torn apart by an endless cycle of gang violence and retribution
Recent Examples on the WebUnder orders from the magistrate judge in the case, Bruce Reinhart, the Justice Department had proposed extensive redactions to the affidavit in an effort to shield witnesses from intimidation or retribution.Arkansas Online, 27 Aug. 2022 These are riveting songs of self-realization, not retribution; the worst crime here is outgrowing a relationship. Nancy Kruh, Peoplemag, 26 Aug. 2022 Kent and the three other sources, who confirmed the events, requested that The Post withhold the name of the member of Congress as a condition of their interviews, so that the person would not face retribution from party leaders. Michael Scherer And Josh Dawsey, Anchorage Daily News, 14 May 2022 At the time, there were still thousands of U.S. citizens in the country, as well as tens of thousands of green-card and S.I.V. holders, and hundreds of thousands of other Afghans who had worked with the U.S. and might face retribution. Eliza Griswold, The New Yorker, 20 Dec. 2021 But what's done is done, and there may still be time to help Afghans who worked for the occupation and hence face possible retribution. Ryan Cooper, The Week, 16 Aug. 2021 In rejecting the enhancement, Friedrich sided with Reffitt’s defense counsel, who accused prosecutors of utilizing the tool as retribution for Reffitt taking the case to trial. Lucien Bruggeman, ABC News, 2 Aug. 2022 Democrats say Republicans are holding up a floor vote as political retribution for reaching a deal with Sen. Joe Manchin, D-W.Va., on a $370 billion tax and climate package. Riley Rogerson, Anchorage Daily News, 30 July 2022 But once news of Schumer and Manchin's deal broke, GOP leadership attempted a last-minute push to block the semiconductor bill, urging members to vote no as retribution, the Post reports. Brigid Kennedy, The Week, 28 July 2022 See More
Word History
Etymology
Middle English retribucioun, from Anglo-French, from Late Latin retribution-, retributio, from Latin retribuere to pay back, from re- + tribuere to pay — more at tribute
ADJECTIVE | VERB + RETRIBUTION | RETRIBUTION + VERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASESADJECTIVE➤just公正的懲罰➤terrible可怕的懲罰➤violent粗暴的懲罰➤legal, political法律制裁;政治上的懲罰◇Political retribution will fall swiftly on any president who fails in that task.沒有完成此項任務的總統很快都會遭到政治上的懲罰。➤swift迅速的懲罰◇Retribution will be swift if you cross me.如果反對我,你就會立刻遭到懲罰。➤divine上帝的懲罰VERB + RETRIBUTION➤demand, seek要求/尋求懲罰▸➤exact定要懲罰➤bring帶來懲罰▸➤fear害怕懲罰RETRIBUTION + VERB➤come, follow懲罰來臨/隨之而來◇Violent retribution soon followed.粗暴的懲罰很快隨之而來。PREPOSITION➤in retribution出於懲罰◇His armies invaded their lands in retribution.他的軍隊入侵他們的國土作為懲罰。➤retribution against對⋯的懲罰◇retribution against wrongdoers對不法分子的懲罰➤retribution for對⋯的懲罰◇He saw his suffering as retribution for the sins of his past life.他把遭受的痛苦看作是對他過去生活中所犯罪惡的懲罰。➤retribution from來自⋯的懲罰◇The celebrity couple clearly feared retribution from their fans.這對明星夫婦顯然擔心來自粉絲們的懲罰。➤retribution on對⋯的懲罰◇She saw the sentence as just retribution on the man who had assaulted her.她把這一判決看作是對侵犯她的男子的公正的懲罰。PHRASES➤an act of retribution懲罰行為▸➤fear of retribution害怕受報復◇The victim did not report the incident for fear of retribution.受害者沒有報案是害怕受到報復。