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TOEFL BNC: 2743 COCA: 2865

proof

1 proof /ˈpruːf/ noun
plural proofs
1 proof
/ˈpruːf/
noun
plural proofs
Learner's definition of PROOF
[noncount] : something which shows that something else is true or correct证据;证明;凭证
often + of
[count]
: an act or process of showing that something is true举证;证实
mathematics : a test which shows that a calculation is correct验算;求证
[count] technical : a copy of something that is going to be printed which is examined and used to make corrections before the final printing is done校样usually plural通常用复数
[noncount] : a measurement of how much alcohol is in an alcoholic drink标准酒精度

the proof is in the pudding

see pudding
2 proof /ˈpruːf/ adjective
2 proof
/ˈpruːf/
adjective
Learner's definition of PROOF
formal
: designed or made to prevent or protect against something harmful防…的
usually used in combination通常用于合成词
3 proof /ˈpruːf/ verb
proofs; proofed; proofing
3 proof
/ˈpruːf/
verb
proofs; proofed; proofing
Learner's definition of PROOF
[+ object]
: proofread
TOEFL BNC: 2743 COCA: 2865

proof

1 of 3

noun

1
a
: the cogency of evidence that compels acceptance by the mind of a truth or a fact
b
: the process or an instance of establishing the validity of a statement especially by derivation from other statements in accordance with principles of reasoning
2
obsolete : experience
3
: something that induces certainty or establishes validity
4
archaic : the quality or state of having been tested or tried
especially : unyielding hardness
5
: evidence operating to determine the finding or judgment of a tribunal
6
a
plural proofs or proof : a copy (as of typeset text) made for examination or correction
b
: a test impression of an engraving, etching, or lithograph
c
: a coin that is struck from a highly polished die on a polished planchet, is not intended for circulation, and sometimes differs in metallic content from coins of identical design struck for circulation
d
: a test photographic print made from a negative
7
: a test applied to articles or substances to determine whether they are of standard or satisfactory quality
8
a
: the minimum alcoholic strength of proof spirit
b
: strength with reference to the standard for proof spirit
specifically : alcoholic strength indicated by a number that is twice the percent by volume of alcohol present
whiskey of 90 proof is 45 percent alcohol

proof

2 of 3

adjective

1
: able to resist or repel
boots that were … proof against cold and wet Robertson Davies
often used in combination
windproof
2
: used in proving or testing or as a standard of comparison
3
: of standard strength or quality or alcoholic content

proof

3 of 3

verb

proofed; proofing; proofs

transitive verb

1
a
: to make or take a proof or test of
b
2
: to give a resistant quality to
3
: to activate (yeast) by mixing with water and sometimes sugar or milk
proofer noun

Example Sentences

Noun The document was proof that her story was true. He claims that he was home when the murder was committed, but he has no proof. The proof shows that the theorem is true. Verb She proofed the story carefully.
Recent Examples on the Web
Noun
Based on the latest local guidelines, attendees are no longer required to provide proof of negative COVID-19 test and/or vaccination for entry into this event. Amanda Kondolojy, Orlando Sentinel, 15 Sep. 2022 State law requires parents to provide proof of student immunization status no later than the first day of school. Carole Carlson, Chicago Tribune, 3 Sep. 2022 Responding officers located the vehicle and the woman and took the bike until the girl and her parents could provide proof of ownership. cleveland, 31 Aug. 2022 The department declined to explain how someone would provide proof of an unborn child, or what should happen in the event a woman miscarries after claiming the exemption. Laura Kusisto, WSJ, 27 Aug. 2022 Masks required, and all patrons must provide proof of COVID-19 vaccination, with the final shot taken at least 14 days prior. Piet Levy, Journal Sentinel, 24 Aug. 2022 In addition, participants over the age of 12 must provide proof of vaccination against COVID-19 before entering any indoor park facility. Adam Sabes, Fox News, 21 Aug. 2022 Presumptive owners will have to provide proof of ownership before taking the dog home with them, the nonprofit told KHOU. Michael Murney, Chron, 18 Aug. 2022 It’s these similarities which scientists believe provide proof the birth of the Moon was fueled by debris from Earth. Joshua Hawkins, BGR, 14 Aug. 2022
Adjective
On the other hand, chairs that are intended for trails should be weather-resistant and rip-proof in case your pets are tagging along for the ride. Alyssa Brascia, Peoplemag, 18 Sep. 2022 The police agency also proposed bullet-proof shields that are not yet used in Japan, a country known for strict gun control. Mari Yamaguchi, Anchorage Daily News, 25 Aug. 2022 Plus, Haus Labs and Urban Decay both launched a similar budge-proof glossy lipstick that reminds us of another product that, at the very least, Lady Gaga is familiar with. Kirbie Johnson, refinery29.com, 25 Aug. 2022 Treat your outdoor room like an indoor living room: Outfit it with comfy, yet weather-proof furniture and fun adornments, like quirky light fixtures or colorful pillows. Caitlin Sole, Better Homes & Gardens, 23 Aug. 2022 So, putting that all together: The Inflation Reduction Act nudges consumers toward a more climate-proof American home, which is first of all better insulated to keep heat or cold either in or out. Wired, 18 Aug. 2022 Webster wore a bullet-proof vest during the riot, which increased the sentencing guidelines by 6 years, Mehta said. Bart Jansen, USA TODAY, 1 Sep. 2022 Congress can also end emergencies, but doing so effectively requires a veto-proof two-thirds vote, which has never happened. Will Weissert, ajc, 13 Aug. 2022 With a weather-proof pouch and 1.5-inch-wide collar that uses Uncharted’s secure and quick Fidlock attachment system, this lightweight collar is both functional and easy to use. Steve Larese, Outside Online, 10 Aug. 2022
Verb
Contentious, perhaps, but not proof that his editors were trying to protect the university from damaging stories. Cara Fitzpatrick, Washington Post, 19 Aug. 2022 Critter-proof your campsite by keeping it clean and properly stashing food and scented products, such as toothpaste, in lockers, which are provided at many sites and are especially crucial in bear country. Erin E. Williams, BostonGlobe.com, 10 July 2022 In terms of improvements to wellbeing and retention, this can be seen as a way to future-proof your organization. Rodger Dean Duncan, Forbes, 2 Aug. 2022 But Sharma warns that companies shouldn’t sacrifice strategic initiatives meant to future-proof their business in an effort to cut costs in the short-term. Paolo Confino, Fortune, 25 July 2022 Here are three ways to recession-proof your value proposition. Jim Berryhill, Forbes, 17 Aug. 2022 In addition to gender-lensing policy decisions, our leaders should also future-proof our economy by creating laws to increase women’s economic equity. Katica Roy, Fortune, 4 Aug. 2022 Critter-proof your campsite by keeping it clean and properly stashing food and scented products, such as toothpaste, in lockers, which are provided at many sites and are especially crucial in bear country. Erin E. Williams, BostonGlobe.com, 10 July 2022 Critter-proof your campsite by keeping it clean and properly stashing food and scented products, such as toothpaste, in lockers, which are provided at many sites and are especially crucial in bear country. Erin E. Williams, BostonGlobe.com, 10 July 2022 See More

Word History

Etymology

Noun

Middle English prof, prove, alteration of preve, from Anglo-French preove, from Late Latin proba, from Latin probare to prove — more at prove

First Known Use

Noun

13th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a

Adjective

1583, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Verb

circa 1699, in the meaning defined at sense 1a

Time Traveler
The first known use of proof was in the 13th century
TOEFL BNC: 2743 COCA: 2865
proof

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + PROOF | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVEclear, convincing, direct, good, positive, real清楚的/令人信服的/直接的/有力的/明確的/確鑿的證據Do you have positive proof that she took the money?你有確鑿證據證明她拿了那些錢嗎?I have no real proof that he was in the country at the time.我沒有可靠的證據證明當時他在該國。concrete, empirical, solid, tangible具體的/經驗的/確鑿的/實物證據absolute, conclusive, definitive, incontrovertible, irrefutable絕對的/結論性的/決定性的/無可辯駁的/不容置疑的證據ample, sufficient充足的證據further進一步的證據final, ultimate最終的證據The photo was final proof of her husband's infidelity.這張照片最終證明了她丈夫的不忠。documentary, written書面證據photographic詳細準確的證據legal法律證據scientific科學證據formal, mathematical正式的/嚴密的證據living活生生的證明I am living proof that the treatment works.我是這一治療有效的活生生的證明。VERB + PROOFbe, constitute是證據;構成證據have有證據give sb, offer (sb), present (sb with), produce, provide (sb with), show (sb)(向某人)提供證據;出示證明find, get, obtain, see找到/得到/獲得/看到證據need, require需要證據demand, want要求/想要證據PREPOSITIONwithout proof沒有證據He is unlikely to make wild accusations without proof.沒有證據他不可能胡亂指控。proof of⋯的證據Her account gives us no concrete proof of his guilt.她的敍述並不能成為證明他有罪的確鑿證據。PHRASESthe burden of proof, the onus of proof舉證責任The burden of proof lies on us to prove negligence.證明對方犯有疏忽罪的舉證責任落在我們身上。a lack of proof缺乏證據The men were acquitted for lack of proof.因為證據不足,這些人被宣告無罪。proof of identity, proof of purchase身分證明;購買憑證Proof of purchase must be provided before a refund can be made.退款前必須提供購買憑證。a standard of proof (law法律) 舉證標準Civil proceedings require a lower standard of proof than criminal cases.民事訴訟比刑事案件的舉證標準低。

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