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BNC: 8703 COCA: 13365

spade

2 ENTRIES FOUND:
spade /ˈspeɪd/ noun
plural spades
spade
/ˈspeɪd/
noun
plural spades
Learner's definition of SPADE
[count] : a tool with a heavy metal blade attached to a handle that is used for digging锹;铲 see picture at gardening
[count] : a playing card that is marked with a black shape that looks like a pointed leaf(纸牌的)黑桃
see picture at playing card
spades [plural] : the suit in a deck of playing cards that consists of spades(一副纸牌里的)黑桃牌

call a spade a spade

: to speak in an honest and direct way直言不讳

in spades

: to a great degree : in large amounts大量;非常
BNC: 8703 COCA: 13365

spade

1 of 3

noun (1)

1
: a digging implement adapted for being pushed into the ground with the foot
2
: a spade-shaped instrument
spadeful noun

spade

2 of 3

verb

spaded; spading

transitive verb

: to dig up or out or shape with or as if with a spade

intransitive verb

: to use a spade
spader noun

spade

3 of 3

noun (2)

1
a
: a black figure that resembles a stylized spearhead on each playing card of one of the four suits
also : a card marked with this figure
b
spades plural in form but singular or plural in construction : the suit comprising cards marked with spades
2
offensive
used as an insulting and contemptuous term for a Black person
Phrases
in spades
: to an unusually great degree : in the extreme

Word History

Etymology

Noun (1)

Middle English, going back to Old English spadu, spædu, spade (plural spadan), going back to Germanic *spaðōn- (whence also Old Saxon spado "digging implement, spade," Old Frisian spada, early Modern German Spaten, Icelandic spaði), akin to Greek spáthē "any of various blade-like implements or objects," both going back to Indo-European *sph2-dh-, perhaps a suffixed derivative of the verbal base *speh2- "draw, pull out" — more at spasm

Note: Hittite išpann-, išpatar "spit, skewer" has also been compared, though according to Jaan Puhvel the stem would reflect *speh2-tr- rather than *speh2-dhr- (see Hittite Etymological Dictionary, vol. 1/2, pp. 450-51). Probably also relevant are Sanskrit sphya- "shoulder blade," Khotanese phvai "spade, shovel," perhaps reflecting *sph2-i-o- (for further Indo-Iranian forms see Manfred Mayrhofer, Kurzgefasstes etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen, 3. Band, p. 547; H.W. Bailey, Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, 1979, p. 264).

Verb

verbal derivative of spade entry 1

Noun (2)

Italian spada or Spanish espada broadsword; both from Latin spatha, from Greek spathē blade

First Known Use

Noun (1)

before the 12th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Verb

circa 1647, in the meaning defined at transitive sense

Noun (2)

circa 1598, in the meaning defined at sense 1b

Time Traveler
The first known use of spade was before the 12th century
BNC: 8703 COCA: 13365
spade

noun¹

1tool for digging挖掘工具ADJECTIVE | VERB + SPADE | PHRASES ADJECTIVEgarden園藝鏟There was a garden spade in the shed.工棚裏有一把園藝鏟。VERB + SPADEuse用鏟子He dug a deep hole in the lawn with his spade.他用鏟子在草地上挖了個深坑。PHRASESbucket and spade (BrE) 桶和鏟children playing in the sand with their buckets and spades拿着桶和小鏟在沙地上玩耍的孩子們call a spade a spade (= to speak honestly and openly) 直言不諱I believe in calling a spade a spade.我篤信直言不諱,實話實說。
spade

noun²

2playing card打牌 note at card

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