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pharynx

noun

phar·​ynx ˈfer-iŋ(k)s How to pronounce pharynx (audio)
ˈfa-riŋ(k)s
plural pharynges fə-ˈrin-(ˌ)jēz How to pronounce pharynx (audio) also pharynxes
1
: the muscular tubular passage of the vertebrate digestive and respiratory tracts extending from the back of the nasal cavity and mouth to the esophagus compare nasopharynx, oropharynx
2
: a differentiated part of the digestive tract in some invertebrates that may be thickened and muscular, eversible and toothed, or adapted as a suctorial organ

Example Sentences

Recent Examples on the Web Has a bellows-like pharynx that enables it to vacuum its prey into its mouth. Henry Alford, The New Yorker, 29 July 2022 The zigzag ended at the pharynx of a cave, reminiscent of a human face with one eye. Vladimir Sorokin, Harper’s Magazine , 20 July 2022 Laryngopharyngeal reflux is when stomach acid comes all the way up the esophagus into the pharynx. Dr. Keith Roach, oregonlive, 15 July 2022 On the other hand, a correct alignment of the vocal apparatus allows the sound to resonate efficiently, particularly with the help of an open and relaxed pharynx. Carol Kinsey Goman, Forbes, 6 June 2022 In other words, during swallowing, the pharynx only leads to the digestive tract and the upper and lower airways are protected. New York Times, 20 Jan. 2022 The second phase of this vaccine strategy exploits the influenza virus’s ability to enter the body through the nasal pharynx. William A. Haseltine, Forbes, 31 Jan. 2022 The scientific name for this process is retro nasal olfaction, where the odors flow from the back of your mouth up through your nasal pharynx and into your nasal cavity. Sandee Lamotte, CNN, 25 June 2021 Having pharyngeal jaws isn’t so weird, all bony fishes have them, what sets morays apart is how those extra jaws, located just behind the throat or pharynx, can move, according to Live Science. Alex Fox, Smithsonian Magazine, 24 June 2021 See More

Word History

Etymology

borrowed from Medieval Latin pharyng-, pharynx (also Latinized early as pharynga, faringa), borrowed from Greek phárynx, pháryx "throat, gullet, pharynx," akin to pháranx "gully, chasm," of pre-Indo-European origin

Note: Greek phárynx (Homeric pháryx) has in the older scholarly literature been linked with Latin frūmen "upper part of the throat" (a word mentioned only in 4th/5th-century scholia on Terence and Virgil), Armenian erbuc, -oy "breast (of sacrificial animals)," Old Norse barki "windpipe, throat" (hence, for example, Frisk in Griechisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, Heidelberg, 1960-72, who posits, in pre-laryngealist notation, *bhr̥rug- > pharyg-, *bhrug-s-men- > frūmen), with a further connection to the Indo-European verb bherH- "work with a sharp instrument, cut, split, bore" (see bore entry 1). More recently, however, Beekes (Etymological Dictionary of Greek, Brill, 2010, s.v.; Pre-Greek: Phonology, Morphology, Lexicon, Brill, 2014, pp. 44, 50-51) regards phárynx, pháryx and pháranx as substratal vocabulary of non-Indo-European origin, along with other terrain terms such as spêlynx "cave," sêranx "cavity hollowed out by water," láïnges "small stones" (Homer). Diagnostic are the suffix -Vng- and the alternation between nasal and non-nasal forms (pharyng-/pharyg-), perhaps reflecting a pre-nasalized stop in the substratal language. In the case of the base phar-, it is uncertain if the original sense was anatomical or topographical. The resemblance of Greek pharang- "gully, chasm" with pre-Romance *barrank- (whence Spanish barranco, barranca, etc.; see barranca) is striking and can hardly be ignored, though it does not settle the issue.

First Known Use

1638, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of pharynx was in 1638

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