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IELTS BNC: 1370 COCA: 1035

yard

1 yard /ˈjɑɚd/ noun
plural yards
1 yard
/ˈjɑɚd/
noun
plural yards
Learner's definition of YARD
[count]
US : an outdoor area that is next to a house and is usually covered by grass院子;庭院
: the land around a building(建筑周围的)场所,场地
see also schoolyard
: an area with buildings and equipment that is used for a particular activity供某活动用的)场所
see also barnyard, farmyard, junkyard, lumberyard, scrapyard, shipyard, stockyard
see also scotland yard
2 yard /ˈjɑɚd/ noun
plural yards
2 yard
/ˈjɑɚd/
noun
plural yards
Learner's definition of YARD
[count]
: a unit of measurement equal to 3 feet (0.9144 meters) or 36 inches码(长度单位,合3英尺、0.9144米或36英寸)
abbreviation yd.

the whole nine yards

chiefly US, informal
: everything
compare 1yard
IELTS BNC: 1370 COCA: 1035

yard

1 of 4

noun (1)

1
a
: a small usually walled and often paved area open to the sky and adjacent to a building : court
b
: the grounds of a building or group of buildings
2
: the grounds immediately surrounding a house that are usually covered with grass
3
a
: an enclosure for livestock (such as poultry)
b(1)
: an area with its buildings and facilities set aside for a particular business or activity
(2)
: an assembly or storage area (as for dry-docked boats)
c
: a system of tracks for storage and maintenance of cars and making up trains
4
: a locality in a forest where deer herd in winter

yard

2 of 4

adjective

1
: of, relating to, or employed in the yard surrounding a building
yard light
2
: of, relating to, or employed in a railroad yard
a yard engine

yard

3 of 4

verb

yarded; yarding; yards

transitive verb

1
: to drive into or confine in a restricted area : herd, pen
2
: to deliver to or store in a yard

intransitive verb

: to congregate in or as if in a yard

yard

4 of 4

noun (2)

1
: any of various units of measure: such as
a
: a unit of length equal in the U.S. to 0.9144 meter see Weights and Measures Table
b
: a unit of volume equal to a cubic yard
2
a
: a great length or quantity
remembered yards of facts and figures
b
slang : one hundred dollars
3
: a long spar tapered toward the ends to support and spread the head of a square sail, lateen, or lugsail
4
: a slender glass about three feet tall having a flared opening and a bulbous bottom
also : the amount it contains
a yard of ale
Phrases
the whole nine yards
: all of a related set of circumstances, conditions, or details
who could learn the most about making records, about electronics and engineering, the whole nine yards Stephen Stills
sometimes used adverbially with go to indicate an all-out effort

Word History

Etymology

Noun (1)

Middle English yerd, going back to Old English geard "fence, enclosure, dwelling, home, district, country," going back to Germanic *garđa- (whence also Old Saxon gard "garden, dwelling, world," Middle Dutch gaert "garden, yard," Old High German gart "enclosure, circle, enclosed piece of property," Old Norse garðr "enclosure, courtyard," Gothic gards (i-stem) "house, household, courtyard"; from an n-stem *garđan-: Old Frisian garda "family property, courtyard," Old Saxon gardo "garden," Old High German garto), perhaps (if from *ghortós) going back to Indo-European *ghortos "enclosure," whence also Old Irish gort "arable or pasture field," Welsh garth "field, enclosure, fold," Breton garz "hedge," Latin hortus "garden," Greek chórtos "farmyard, pasturage"

Note: The above is only one possible account of this somewhat problematic etymon. If not from a Verner's Law variant of a putative stem *ghor-to-, the Germanic word could go back to *ghordho-, which would correspond to Slavic *gordŭ (Old Church Slavic gradŭ "town, garden, yard," Russian górod "city," Bosnian-Croatian-Serbian grâd) and Lithuanian gar͂das "pen, fold." The Slavic and Baltic words have, alternatively, been taken as loans from Germanic. This explanation would not, however, cover Albanian gardh "fence, wattled partition," or, more crucially, Sanskrit gṛháḥ "house," if it goes back to *ghr̥dhos, a zero-grade derivative. The Germanic etymon has traditionally been connected with a hypothetical verb base *ǵher- "grasp, enclose," seen in Sanskrit harati "(s/he) takes, fetches, bears," jahrur "were fetched," though the Albanian, Balto-Slavic and Sanskrit words do not show a palatovelar. A palatovelar is evidenced, however, in a group of semantically related words: Lithuanian žárdas "rack for drying grain, flax or pease, cattle hurdle," ža͂rdis "fenced pasture," Old Prussian sardis "fence," regional Russian zoród, zaród "stack of hay or grain sheaves, enclosure around a stack." Also associated with Germanic *garđa- is a strong verb *gerđan- hypothetically evidenced by Gothic *-gairdan (attested only as the past participle bigaurdans, translating Greek perizōsámenos "girding oneself") and a weak verb *gurdjan- with zero grade—see gird entry 1, girdle entry 1, girth entry 1.

Noun (2)

Middle English yerd, yerde "stick, pole, rod, spar supporting a sail, unit of measure," going back to Old English gierd "stick, rod," going back to Germanic *gazdjō (whence Old Frisian ierde "stick," Old Saxon gerdia, Old High German gerta), derivative of *gazda- "stick, rod" (whence Old High German gart "stick," Old Norse gaddr "goad, spike," Gothic gazds "sting"), going back to dialectal Indo-European *ghazdh- "stick, something pointed" (whence Latin hasta "spear," Middle Irish gat "withe, osier," probably also gas "shoot, twig"), probably a loanword from an unknown source

First Known Use

Noun (1)

before the 12th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a

Adjective

15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Verb

1758, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 1

Noun (2)

before the 12th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of yard was before the 12th century
IELTS BNC: 1370 COCA: 1035
yard

noun¹

1piece of land next to a building院子ADJECTIVE | VERB + YARD ADJECTIVEfront前院back (usually backyard) , rear (especially BrE) 後院
church (usually churchyard) , farm
(usually farmyard) , kitchen, school (especially NAmE) 教堂墓園;農家場院;院子;學校操場
kids playing in the school yard在學校操場玩耍的孩子們livery, stable代養馬房exercise, prison(監獄裏的)犯人放風場地The prisoners were taken to the exercise yard.囚犯們被帶到了放風場地。VERB + YARDenter, leave進入/離開院子He entered the yard through the back gate.他從後門進入了院子。I left our school yard at recess and ran home.課間休息時,我離開學校跑回了家。enclose, surround圍住/包圍院子The yard was enclosed by a high wire fence.院子四周圍着高高的鐵絲網。
yard

noun²

2 (NAmE) piece of land next to a house with grass庭園;花園 see also garden ADJECTIVE | VERB + YARD | YARD + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVEback (usually backyard) , front, side後花園;前花園;側花園big, huge, large大花園small, tiny小花園;微型花園fenced有圍欄的花園I have a well fenced yard far away from roads.我有一個遠離馬路、四周有圍欄的花園。VERB + YARDmow, rake, water給花園刈草;用耙耙平花園;給花園澆水My next-door neighbor was watering her yard.我的隔壁鄰居在給她的花園澆水。landscape對花園進行景觀美化I've landscaped my tiny front yard with tall grasses.我用了一些高大的草來美化屋前的小花園。decorate裝飾花園The outside yard was decorated with orange lights.外邊的花園裝飾着橘黃色的燈。fence給花園圍上圍欄The front yard is fenced for privacy.房前的花園圍上了圍欄以獲得私密性。cover覆蓋花園Most of the yard was covered with leaves.花園大部份地方都覆蓋着樹葉。cross穿過花園We crossed the yard to my house.我們穿過花園來到我家。enter, leave進入/離開花園overlook俯瞰花園the huge bay window overlooking the yard能俯瞰花園的大飄窗YARD + NOUNsale庭院舊貨出售I held a yard sale to get rid of my old stuff.我在院子裏搞了個舊貨出售以處理舊東西。sign院子裏插的廣告牌The first Bush-Cheney yard sign appeared on my street last week.上週,第一塊布什與切尼的廣告牌出現在我家所在街道的一個庭院裏。PREPOSITIONin yard在院子裏She was standing in the yard.她正站在院子裏。PHRASESthe corner of the yard, the edge of the yard, the middle of the yard, the side of the yard院子的角落/邊緣/中央/側面
yard

noun³

3area used for a special purpose專用場地ADJECTIVE | PHRASES ADJECTIVElumber (usually lumberyard) (NAmE) , timber (BrE) 貯木場
wood from a lumber yard來自木料場的木頭freight, marshalling, rail, railroad, railway (BrE) 貨場;(鐵路貨運)編組場;調車場boat (usually boatyard) , ship
(usually shipyard) , shipbuilding船塢;修船廠;造船廠
breaker's, junk (usually junkyard) (especially NAmE) , salvage, scrap (usually scrapyard) (especially BrE) 拆船廠;廢品場
The steam tug was on her way to the breaker's yard at the end of her naval service.從海軍退役後,這艘蒸汽拖輪被送往拆船廠。salvage yards with cars that are being sold for parts拆卸汽車出售零部件的廢品場repair, storage修理場;存車場PHRASESa builder's yard, the knacker's yard (both BrE) 建築場地;老弱馬匹屠宰場a horse condemned to the knacker's yard被宣佈無用要送往屠宰場的馬The company is heading for the knacker's yard. (figurative) 這家公司正在走向破產。
yard

noun⁴

4unit of measurement測量單位 note at measure

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