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succumb

verb

suc·​cumb sə-ˈkəm How to pronounce succumb (audio)
succumbed; succumbing; succumbs

intransitive verb

1
: to yield to superior strength or force or overpowering appeal or desire
succumb to temptation
2
: to be brought to an end (such as death) by the effect of destructive or disruptive forces

Did you know?

If the idea of someone succumbing brings to mind the image of a person lying down before more powerful forces, you have an excellent grasp of the Latin that gave English succumb. Succumb derives from the French word succomber, which is itself from the Latin word succumbere, meaning "to fall down" or "to yield." Succumbere was formed by combining sub-, meaning "under," with -cumbere, meaning "to lie down." The earliest application of succumb in the late 15th century was as a transitive verb meaning "to bring down" or "to overwhelm," but this sense is now obsolete. The current sense of "to yield" first appeared in print in the early 17th century; the more specific use—yielding to a disease or other destructive force—followed decades later.

Synonyms

Choose the Right Synonym for succumb

yield, submit, capitulate, succumb, relent, defer mean to give way to someone or something that one can no longer resist.

yield may apply to any sort or degree of giving way before force, argument, persuasion, or entreaty.

yields too easily in any argument

submit suggests full surrendering after resistance or conflict to the will or control of another.

a repentant sinner vowing to submit to the will of God

capitulate stresses the fact of ending all resistance and may imply either a coming to terms (as with an adversary) or hopelessness in the face of an irresistible opposing force.

officials capitulated to the protesters' demands

succumb implies weakness and helplessness to the one that gives way or an overwhelming power to the opposing force.

a stage actor succumbing to the lure of Hollywood

relent implies a yielding through pity or mercy by one who holds the upper hand.

finally relented and let the children stay up late

defer implies a voluntary yielding or submitting out of respect or reverence for or deference and affection toward another.

I defer to your expertise in these matters

Example Sentences

Lepanto occupies a curious military fault line between ancient and modern. It was fought with galleys almost identical to those that had clashed in this same gulf sixteen centuries before, when the ships of Antony and Cleopatra succumbed to those of Octavian at the Battle of Actium. Colin Thubron, New York Times Book Review, 9 Apr. 2009 Last spring, the Knight Ridder chain succumbed to pressure from its largest private investor and sold off its entire lineup of 32 papers to the McClatchy Co. for more than $4 billion. Eric Klinenberg, Mother Jones, March/April 2007 Yet after Paul died in 1978 and his successor John Paul I succumbed to a heart attack only 34 days into his papacy, Wojyla was so oblivious to his impending fate that he spent the first day of the new papal conclave nonchalantly browsing through a quarterly review of Marxist theory. David Van Biema, Time, 11 Apr. 2005 Interviews with cadets, police officers and investigators trying to crack down on crime inside Mexico City's 80,000-officer force revealed that even the most earnest cops often succumb to the temptations that are both plentiful and low risk. Alan Zarembo, Newsweek, 4 Dec. 2000 They will pressure you, and you must try not to succumb. he finally succumbed and let his wife get rid of his dilapidated easy chair See More
Recent Examples on the Web Academics who succumb to the sugar rush of activism lose their sense of balance. Dominic Green, WSJ, 26 Aug. 2022 As Evans has worked with the items, he's thought often of the people who owned them, the people who had been on their way to New York from San Francisco only to succumb to a storm 500 nautical miles short of their destination. Amanda Lee Myers, USA TODAY, 29 July 2022 Rookie Riley Greene was called out on strikes, but the Tigers didn't succumb to the two-out pressure. Evan Petzold, Detroit Free Press, 24 Aug. 2022 His message, in effect, was: Don't succumb to the sky-is-falling style of news coverage that is so commonplace at the moment. Brian Stelter, CNN, 2 Dec. 2021 Don’t give up hope and don’t succumb to the stress. Essence, 14 Sep. 2021 These sheets were moderately breathable, and didn’t succumb to wear and tear after washing them. Madison Yauger, Peoplemag, 5 Aug. 2022 And part of it seemed to be an excuse to force Barnett to get out of her head occasionally, and not fully succumb to the demons nagging at the back of her brain. David Fear, Rolling Stone, 15 July 2022 There’s intrigue upstairs and down: Will Lady Mary (Michelle Dockery) be loyal to her absentee husband or succumb to the attentions of a flirty swain? Stephanie Zacharek, Time, 18 May 2022 See More

Word History

Etymology

French & Latin; French succomber, from Latin succumbere, from sub- + -cumbere to lie down; akin to Latin cubare to lie

First Known Use

1604, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of succumb was in 1604

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