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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5023 COCA: 4644

scratch

1 scratch /ˈskrætʃ/ verb
scratches; scratched; scratching
1 scratch
/ˈskrætʃ/
verb
scratches; scratched; scratching
Learner's definition of SCRATCH
: to rub your skin with something sharp (such as your fingernails) especially in order to stop an itch挠;搔痒
[+ object]
sometimes used figuratively有时用作比喻
[no object]
see also scratch someone's back (below)
: to make a shallow and narrow cut in (your skin) with something sharp (such as fingernails, claws, etc.)(用指甲、爪子等)抓伤,划破
[+ object]
[no object]
[no object] : to rub a surface or object with something sharp or rough in a way that produces a harsh sound刮擦发出刺耳声
[+ object]
: to make a line or mark in the surface of (something) by rubbing or cutting it with something rough or sharp划出,刮出(痕迹)
: to make (something, such as a line or letters) in the surface of something by using a stick, a sharp tool, etc.(用尖锐物)刻,划
: to write (something) in a quick and untidy way潦草地写
[+ object] informal
: to decide not to do or continue with (something)取消;撤销
: to remove (someone) from the list of players who will be playing in a game使(某人)退出比赛

scratch a living

or US scratch out a living
: to earn barely enough money to live勉强维持生活

scratch off

[phrasal verb]
scratch (something) off or scratch off (something)
: to remove (something) from an object or surface by rubbing with a sharp edge or tool刮掉;擦除
: to draw a line through (something that is written down)勾掉,划去(写下的东西)

scratch out

[phrasal verb]
scratch (something) out or scratch out (something)
: to draw a line through (something that is written down)勾掉,划去(写下的东西)

scratch someone's back

informal
: to do something that helps someone else but that is often wrong or difficult to do帮助某人(指提供不当或难以做到的帮助)

scratch the surface

: to deal with or learn about only a small part of something仅触及表面;浅尝辄止

scratch your head

informal
: to be confused about something : to think about something you do not understand冥思苦想

— scratcher

noun, plural scratchers [count]
2 scratch /ˈskrætʃ/ noun
plural scratches
2 scratch
/ˈskrætʃ/
noun
plural scratches
Learner's definition of SCRATCH
[count]
: a line or mark in the surface of something that is caused by something rough or sharp rubbing against it划痕;刮痕
: a shallow and narrow cut in the skin that is caused by something sharp(皮肤上的)划痕,划伤
[count] : the sound made when something sharp rubs against a surface or object刮擦物体时发出的声音
[noncount] US slang : money

from scratch

: with ingredients you have prepared yourself rather than with a prepared mixture of ingredients bought from a store用自制原料
: from a point at which nothing has been done yet从零开始;从头开始;白手起家

up to scratch

chiefly British, informal
: good enough : as good as expected or wanted足够好;达到应有的水平usually used in negative statements通常用于否定句
3 scratch /ˈskrætʃ/ adjective
3 scratch
/ˈskrætʃ/
adjective
Learner's definition of SCRATCH
always used before a noun
of a golfer : having no handicap无让杆的
chiefly British : put together quickly and without enough planning or thought仓促拼凑的;匆匆组成的
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5023 COCA: 4644

scratch

1 of 3

verb

scratched; scratching; scratches

transitive verb

1
: to scrape or dig with the claws or nails
2
: to rub and tear or mark the surface of with something sharp or jagged
3
a
: to scrape or rub lightly (as to relieve itching)
b
: to act on (a desire)
used with itch
scratch the itch to travel
4
: to scrape together : collect with difficulty or by effort
scratch out a living
5
: to write or draw on a surface
6
a
: to cancel or erase by or as if by drawing a line through
b
: to withdraw (an entry) from competition
7
8
: to scrape along a rough surface
scratch a match

intransitive verb

1
: to use the claws or nails in digging, tearing, or wounding
2
: to scrape or rub oneself lightly (as to relieve itching)
3
: to gather money or make a living by hard work and especially through irregular means and sacrifice
had to scratch and save for college
4
a
: to make a thin grating sound
b
: to produce a rhythmic scratching sound by or as if by moving a phonograph record back and forth under a phonograph needle
5
: to withdraw from a contest or engagement
6
: to make a scratch in billiards or pool
scratcher noun

scratch

2 of 3

noun

1
: a mark or injury produced by scratching
also : a slight wound
2
3
: the sound made by scratching
4
: the starting line in a race
5
a
: a test of courage
b
: satisfactory condition, level, or performance
not up to scratch
6
: a contestant whose name is withdrawn
7
: poultry feed (such as mixed grains) scattered on the litter or ground especially to induce birds to exercise

called also scratch feed

8
a
: a shot in billiards or pool that ends a player's turn
specifically : a shot in pool in which the cue ball falls into the pocket
b
: a shot that scores by chance : fluke
9
slang : money, funds

scratch

3 of 3

adjective

1
: arranged or put together with little selection : haphazard
a scratch team
2
: made as or used for a tentative effort
3
: made or done by chance and not as intended
a scratch shot
4
: having no handicap or allowance
a scratch golfer
5
: made from scratch : made with basic ingredients
a scratch cake
Phrases
scratch one's back
: to accommodate with a favor especially in expectation of like return
scratch one's head
: to be or become confused or perplexed
scratch the surface
: to make a modest effort or start
from scratch
1
: from a point at which nothing has been done ahead of time
build a school system from scratch
2
: without using a prepared mixture of ingredients
bake a cake from scratch

Did you know?

The phrase up to scratch has its origins in the world of sports. In the 18th century, scratch began to be used for a line or mark that served as the starting point in a contest or competition. In order to begin or continue a fight, for example, a pugilist would "come up to the scratch," positioning himself at a line drawn across the prize ring. Up to the scratch was soon being used figuratively of anyone who was ready and able to do something. Over the years, the usage of the phrase has evolved somewhat, but something that is "up to scratch" can still be said to be ready and able in that it is capable of functioning or performing as expected.

Example Sentences

Verb Will you scratch my back for me? Scratching the itch only makes it worse. The dog scratched its ear. You shouldn't scratch. It'll just make your itch worse. Thorns scratched our legs as we climbed through the briars. Careful, the cat will scratch. The dog was scratching at the door. Be careful not to scratch the table. Someone scratched the paint on my car. The little boy scratched lines in the dirt with a stick. Noun There's a scratch in the paint on the new car! The table is an antique but it doesn't have any dents or scratches. I got a scratch on my leg when I climbed the fence. The only sound in the room during the test was the scratch of pencils on paper. We don't have the scratch to buy a new car. See More
Recent Examples on the Web
Verb
For light scratches like the one in our test, scratch removers really do work. Collin Morgan And Jon Langston, Car and Driver, 16 Sep. 2022 In Arizona, for instance, sales for all draws and scratch-off games from July 1 to July 29 totaled $123.5 million, up 152% from the fiscal year-to-date projection, according to John Turner Gilliland, public information officer for Arizona Lottery. Alyssa Lukpat, WSJ, 3 Aug. 2022 The same goes for dogs that like to play rough with their beds and dig and scratch the surface. Madison Yauger, Peoplemag, 17 Aug. 2022 The Sandman season 1 is now streaming on Netflix, but readers of the legendary 75-issue comic written by Neil Gaiman know those 10 episodes barely scratch the surface of the series' potential. Christian Holub, EW.com, 9 Aug. 2022 And the Qatari funds may only scratch the surface of foreign money Texas A&M has received but not reported. Neetu Arnold, WSJ, 17 June 2022 Since the boom of the natural hair movement a few years back, the mainstream hair care industry finally began to create products for textured hair, but continue to only scratch the surface. Sarah Boyd, Forbes, 8 Mar. 2022 Trees too close to your roof can scratch and gouge the roof. Kaitlyn Keegan, Hartford Courant, 16 Aug. 2022 For some, though, the MacTigr's claws will scratch enough itches. Scharon Harding, Ars Technica, 16 Aug. 2022
Noun
With an in-house molino, the kitchen team cooks and grinds maíz daily to make tortillas from scratch. The Bon Appétit Staff & Contributors, Bon Appétit, 8 Sep. 2022 Her lab at the Karolinska Institute, for instance, studies how to make new hair follicles inside skin—from scratch—which is an admittedly more challenging question than how to hack existing follicles. WIRED, 8 Sep. 2022 The menu also includes breakfast sandwiches made on from-scratch English muffins. Alex Groth, Journal Sentinel, 7 Sep. 2022 Over its quarter-century in business, CJ ENM has had to invent the Korean film business almost from scratch. Patrick Frater, Variety, 7 Sep. 2022 Especially raising money and learning everything from scratch. Emily Dreibelbis, PCMAG, 6 Sep. 2022 With a from-scratch kitchen and full bar, The Living Room encourages conversations about indie film. The Indianapolis Star, 6 Sep. 2022 The convention spent the past year debating and crafting a new draft constitution from scratch, which will either be voted in as the new Magna Carta this weekend, or be rejected wholesale. Whitney Eulich, The Christian Science Monitor, 2 Sep. 2022 An anecdote is relayed about how the Japanese restaurant on site was basically complete when the owner abruptly changed his mind and decided to start the whole thing over from scratch, bringing in a whole new shipment of natural materials. Leena Kim, Town & Country, 1 Sep. 2022
Adjective
Then, dampen a non-scratch sponge with vinegar, sprinkle with baking soda, and scrub. Caitlin Sole, Better Homes & Gardens, 26 Aug. 2022 According to Brown, mild dish soap and a soft-bristle scrub brush or non-scratch scrub sponge will keep minerals from collecting around the faucet head when used frequently. Kristina Mcguirk, Better Homes & Gardens, 22 July 2022 Some feature the trending astronaut bubble window (such as the Lollimeow Pet Carrier Backpack, which any cat lover has doubtless seen on Instagram), while others are covered in sizable, strong breathable mesh panels made of anti-scratch material. Malia Griggs, SELF, 29 Apr. 2022 It's also constructed with anti-scratch glass on top, as well as sensors that prevent it from bumping into obstacles or accidentally tumbling down a flight of stairs. Amy Schulman, PEOPLE.com, 13 Dec. 2021 The platinum anti-fog and anti-scratch coating instantly puts these glasses at the head of the class. Chris Dorsey, Forbes, 19 Oct. 2021 Let the pan sit overnight, then gently scrub with a non-scratch sponge. Jessica Bennett, Better Homes & Gardens, 3 Sep. 2021 Step 3: Dump out the solution, clean with a non-scratch sponge and liquid dish soap, and rinse the item with warm water. Samantha Hunter, Better Homes & Gardens, 29 July 2021 It's designed with an anti-scratch cover to protect it while gliding under large pieces of furniture, and also includes an infrared sensor that prevents it from bumping into objects and falling down a flight of stairs. Amy Schulman, PEOPLE.com, 21 June 2021 See More

Word History

Etymology

Verb

Middle English scracchen, probably blend of scratten to scratch and cracchen to scratch

First Known Use

Verb

15th century, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 1

Noun

circa 1586, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Adjective

1851, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of scratch was in the 15th century
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5023 COCA: 4644
scratch

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + SCRATCH | SCRATCH + NOUN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVEdeep, long, nasty深深的/長長的/難看的擦痕light, little, minor, slight, small輕微劃痕;小擦痕;淺淺的擦痕His only injuries were some minor scratches above his eye.他僅在眼睛上方有些輕微的擦傷。a few, numerous幾處/無數擦痕cat貓的抓痕VERB + SCRATCHhave有擦痕get受到擦傷leave, make留下擦痕Powdered cleansers will leave scratches on the glass.清潔粉會在玻璃上留下擦痕。SCRATCH + NOUNmark擦痕PREPOSITIONwithout a scratch毫發無損She emerged from the wrecked vehicle without a scratch.她安然無恙地從撞毀車輛中鑽了出來。
scratch

verb

ADVERB | PREPOSITION ADVERBbadly嚴重地刮傷The table had been badly scratched.桌子被刮得傷痕纍纍。absently (especially NAmE) 心不在焉地撓He absently scratched his head.他心不在焉地撓了撓頭。lightly輕輕刮PREPOSITIONat撓⋯He scratched at his beard for a few seconds.他抓了幾下鬍子。I could hear the dog scratching at the door.我聽見狗在撓門。on在⋯上劃傷I scratched my arm on a rose bush.我被玫瑰花叢劃傷了胳膊。with用⋯抓She scratched his face with her nails.她用指甲抓傷了他的臉。

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