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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5023 COCA: 4644

scratch

1 scratch /ˈskrætʃ/ verb
scratches; scratched; scratching
1 scratch
/ˈskrætʃ/
verb
scratches; scratched; scratching
Learner's definition of SCRATCH
: to rub your skin with something sharp (such as your fingernails) especially in order to stop an itch挠;搔痒
[+ object]
sometimes used figuratively有时用作比喻
[no object]
see also scratch someone's back (below)
: to make a shallow and narrow cut in (your skin) with something sharp (such as fingernails, claws, etc.)(用指甲、爪子等)抓伤,划破
[+ object]
[no object]
[no object] : to rub a surface or object with something sharp or rough in a way that produces a harsh sound刮擦发出刺耳声
[+ object]
: to make a line or mark in the surface of (something) by rubbing or cutting it with something rough or sharp划出,刮出(痕迹)
: to make (something, such as a line or letters) in the surface of something by using a stick, a sharp tool, etc.(用尖锐物)刻,划
: to write (something) in a quick and untidy way潦草地写
[+ object] informal
: to decide not to do or continue with (something)取消;撤销
: to remove (someone) from the list of players who will be playing in a game使(某人)退出比赛

scratch a living

or US scratch out a living
: to earn barely enough money to live勉强维持生活

scratch off

[phrasal verb]
scratch (something) off or scratch off (something)
: to remove (something) from an object or surface by rubbing with a sharp edge or tool刮掉;擦除
: to draw a line through (something that is written down)勾掉,划去(写下的东西)

scratch out

[phrasal verb]
scratch (something) out or scratch out (something)
: to draw a line through (something that is written down)勾掉,划去(写下的东西)

scratch someone's back

informal
: to do something that helps someone else but that is often wrong or difficult to do帮助某人(指提供不当或难以做到的帮助)

scratch the surface

: to deal with or learn about only a small part of something仅触及表面;浅尝辄止

scratch your head

informal
: to be confused about something : to think about something you do not understand冥思苦想

— scratcher

noun, plural scratchers [count]
2 scratch /ˈskrætʃ/ noun
plural scratches
2 scratch
/ˈskrætʃ/
noun
plural scratches
Learner's definition of SCRATCH
[count]
: a line or mark in the surface of something that is caused by something rough or sharp rubbing against it划痕;刮痕
: a shallow and narrow cut in the skin that is caused by something sharp(皮肤上的)划痕,划伤
[count] : the sound made when something sharp rubs against a surface or object刮擦物体时发出的声音
[noncount] US slang : money

from scratch

: with ingredients you have prepared yourself rather than with a prepared mixture of ingredients bought from a store用自制原料
: from a point at which nothing has been done yet从零开始;从头开始;白手起家

up to scratch

chiefly British, informal
: good enough : as good as expected or wanted足够好;达到应有的水平usually used in negative statements通常用于否定句
3 scratch /ˈskrætʃ/ adjective
3 scratch
/ˈskrætʃ/
adjective
Learner's definition of SCRATCH
always used before a noun
of a golfer : having no handicap无让杆的
chiefly British : put together quickly and without enough planning or thought仓促拼凑的;匆匆组成的

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