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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 3851 COCA: 4404

preliminary

1 preliminary /prɪˈlɪməˌneri/ Brit /prɪˈlɪmənri/ adjective
1 preliminary
/prɪˈlɪməˌneri/ Brit /prɪˈlɪmənri/
adjective
Learner's definition of PRELIMINARY
: coming before the main part of something预备的;初步的;开始的
2 preliminary /prɪˈlɪməˌneri/ Brit /prɪˈlɪmənri/ noun
plural preliminaries
2 preliminary
/prɪˈlɪməˌneri/ Brit /prɪˈlɪmənri/
noun
plural preliminaries
Learner's definition of PRELIMINARY
[count]
: something that comes first in order to prepare for or introduce the main part of something else初步行动;准备工作often + to
usually plural通常用复数
: a game that is played before the main part of a competition to decide which players or teams will be allowed to continue playing预选赛usually plural通常用复数
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 3851 COCA: 4404

preliminary

1 of 2

noun

pre·​lim·​i·​nary pri-ˈli-mə-ˌner-ē How to pronounce preliminary (audio)
plural preliminaries
: something that precedes or is introductory or preparatory: such as
a
: a preliminary scholastic examination
b
preliminaries plural, British : front matter
c
: a preliminary heat or trial (as of a race)
d
: a minor match preceding the main event (as of a boxing card)

preliminary

2 of 2

adjective

: coming before and usually forming a necessary prelude to something else
preliminary studies
preliminary results
preliminarily adverb

Example Sentences

Noun a meeting to discuss seating arrangements that was merely a preliminary to the formal negotiating sessions Adjective Preliminary findings show that the drug could help patients with skin cancer. The team was eliminated in the preliminary round of the tournament. research that is preliminary to the study
Recent Examples on the Web
Noun
But Wu’s team is not ceding any ground, noting that the preliminary included three other candidates who amassed a collective 2,200 votes in the precincts of Ward 20 that lie in West Roxbury — more than the margin of her loss to Essaibi George here. BostonGlobe.com, 30 Oct. 2021 Miss Gay Western States America recently won the regional preliminary of the year award, and a number of national titleholders have started out in this system. Laura Latzko, The Arizona Republic, 15 June 2022 Essaibi George won four of every five votes cast in this precinct during the preliminary, her strongest showing anywhere in the city — and the best showing of any candidate in any precinct in the city. BostonGlobe.com, 30 Oct. 2021 Wu won the preliminary in September by 11 points — a huge margin in a five-person race — and nothing has happened since to substantially move the needle. BostonGlobe.com, 20 Oct. 2021 Tuesday’s mayoral preliminary will bring us some answers. BostonGlobe.com, 11 Sep. 2021 City Councilor Liz Breadon, the first openly gay woman to serve on the council, backed Wu before the preliminary, citing her big-picture vision for the city on matters ranging from housing to climate change. BostonGlobe.com, 2 Oct. 2021 But her vote tally in the preliminary was concentrated in the more affluent Orient Heights neighborhood where Walsh built his base. BostonGlobe.com, 30 Oct. 2021 Wednesday will see the first of three debates between the two finalists, and Essaibi George will likely go hard at Wu — who drew next to no fire in the preliminary — for making impossible promises. BostonGlobe.com, 10 Oct. 2021
Adjective
Kowalke wants a preliminary injunction to try to strike Eastman’s name off the general election ballot. Sean Maguire, Anchorage Daily News, 13 Sep. 2022 The plaintiffs asked Griffin for a preliminary injunction to bar the use of the machines and order hand counts of ballots in the general election in November. Mike Cason | Mcason@al.com, al, 12 Sep. 2022 Plaintiffs have asked the court for a preliminary injunction to stop the ban's implementation until the lawsuit is resolved. ABC News, 9 Sep. 2022 Walker in June denied a preliminary injunction sought by other plaintiffs in the case. Jim Saunders, Orlando Sentinel, 9 Sep. 2022 In 2019, the court denied the plaintiffs’ request to halt the program with a preliminary injunction. Zachary Schermele, NBC News, 9 Sep. 2022 Jane Magnus-Stinson issued the preliminary injunction in July which allowed a 10-year-old girl at the heart of the legal challenge against a state ban targeting transgender athletes to rejoin her softball team. Caroline Beck, The Indianapolis Star, 8 Sep. 2022 On Friday, a federal judge in Texas granted a preliminary injunction in favor of a company called Tactical Machining that sells parts used to make homemade guns, which had challenged the new rule in court. Zusha Elinson, WSJ, 6 Sep. 2022 Kowalke wants Eastman taken off the general election ballot through a preliminary injunction filed Monday. Sean Maguire, Anchorage Daily News, 31 Aug. 2022 See More

Word History

Etymology

Noun

French préliminaires, plural, from Medieval Latin praeliminaris, adjective, preliminary, from Latin prae- pre- + limin-, limen threshold

First Known Use

Noun

1656, in the meaning defined above

Adjective

1657, in the meaning defined above

Time Traveler
The first known use of preliminary was in 1656
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 3851 COCA: 4404
preliminary

noun

ADJECTIVE | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVEessential, necessary必不可少的準備工作;必要的準備程序usual (especially BrE) 通常的準備工作After the usual preliminaries the meeting began.慣常的開場套話之後,會議開始了。PREPOSITIONas a preliminary作為準備工作The two presidents met today, as a preliminary to resuming the peace talks.兩位總統今天會面了,為重啟和談做準備。preliminary to⋯的準備工作an essential preliminary to serious research進行嚴肅研究必不可少的預備工作PHRASESwithout preliminaries直截了當地She began speaking intensely, without preliminaries.她一句客套話都沒說就開始了熱情的演講。

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